NDLI: Determination and stereochemistry of proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids in Saudi Arabian date fruits

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ali, Hatem Salama Mohamed Alhaj, Omar Amin Al Khalifa, Abdulrahman Saleh Brückner, Hans
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Whereas an abundance of literature is available on the occurrence of common proteinogenic amino acids (AAs) in edible fruits of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), recent reports on non-proteinogenic (non-coded) AAs and amino components are scarce. With emphasis on these components we have analyzed total hydrolysates of twelve cultivars of date fruits using automated ion-exchange chromatography, HPLC employing a fluorescent aminoquinolyl label, and GC–MS of total hydrolysates using the chiral stationary phases Chirasil®-L-Val and Lipodex® E. Besides common proteinogenic AAs, relatively large amounts of the following non-proteinogenic amino acids were detected: (2S,5R)-5-hydroxypipecolic acid (1.4–4.0 g/kg dry matter, DM), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (1.3–2.6 g/kg DM), γ-amino-n-butyric acid (0.5–1.2 g/kg DM), (2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline (130–230 mg/kg DM), l-pipecolic acid (40–140 mg/kg DM), and 2-aminoethanol (40–160 mg/kg DM) as well as low or trace amounts (<70 mg/kg DM) of l-ornithine, 5-hydroxylysine, β-alanine, and in some samples (<20 mg/kg DM) of (S)-β-aminoisobutyric acid and (<10 mg/kg DM) l-allo-isoleucine. In one date fruit, traces of α-aminoadipic acid could be determined. Enantiomeric analysis of 6 M DCl/D2O hydrolysates of AAs using chiral capillary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed the presence of very low amounts of d-Ala, d-Asp, d-Glu, d-Ser and d-Phe (1.2–0.4 %, relative to the corresponding l-enantiomers), besides traces (0.2–1 %) of other d-AAs. The possible relevance of non-proteinogenic amino acids in date fruits is briefly addressed.
Starting Page	2241
Ending Page	2257
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09394451
Journal	Amino Acids
Volume Number	46
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	14382199
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Vienna
Publisher Date	2014-06-18
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Phoenix dactylifera (2S,5R)-5-hydroxypipecolic acid 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Non-coded amino acids d-amino acids Plant amino acids Ion-exchange chromatography GC–MS Nutritional relevance Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry Biochemical Engineering Life Sciences Proteomics Neurobiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Organic Chemistry Biochemistry Clinical Biochemistry

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