NDLI: Degassing of Cl, F, Li, and Be during extrusion and crystallization of the rhyolite dome at Volcán Chaitén, Chile during 2008 and 2009

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Lowenstern, Jacob B. Bleick, Heather Vazquez, Jorge A. Castro, Jonathan M. Larson, Peter B.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	We investigated the distribution of Cl, F, Li, and Be in pumices, obsidians, and crystallized dome rocks at Chaitén volcano in 2008–2009 in order to explore the behavior of these elements during explosive and effusive volcanic activity. Electron and ion microprobe analyses of matrix and inclusion glasses from pumice, obsidian, and microlite-rich dome rock indicate that Cl and other elements were lost primarily during crystallization of the rhyolitic dome after it had approached the surface. Glass in pumice and microlite-free obsidian has 888 ± 121 ppm Cl, whereas residual glass in evolved microlite-rich dome rock generally retains less Cl (as low as <100 ppm). Estimated Cl losses were likely >0.7 Mt Cl, with a potential maximum of 1.8 Mt for the entire 0.8-km3 dome. Elemental variations reflect an integrated bulk distribution ratio for Cl > 1.7 (1.7 times more Cl was degassed or incorporated into crystals than remained in the melt). Because Cl is lost dominantly as the very last H2O is degassed, and Cl is minimally (if at all) partitioned into microlites, the integrated vapor/melt distribution ratio for Cl exceeds 200 (200 times more Cl in the evolved vapor than in the melt). Cl is likely lost as HCl, which is readily partitioned into magmatic vapor at low pressure. Cl loss is accelerated by the change in the composition of the residual melt due to microlite growth. Cl loss also may be affected by open-system gas fluxing. Integrated vapor-melt distribution ratios for Li, F, and Be all exceed 1,000. On degassing, an unknown fraction of these volatiles could be immediately dissolved in rainwater.
Starting Page	2303
Ending Page	2319
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02588900
Journal	Bulletin of Volcanology
Volume Number	74
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	14320819
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-10-11
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Chlorine Halogens Fluorine Lithium Beryllium Be F Li Cl Rhyolite Volatility Degassing Geophysics/Geodesy Sedimentology Mineralogy Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology

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