NDLI: Error analysis of upper tropospheric water vapor in CMIP5 models using “A-Train” satellite observations and reanalysis data

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Takahashi, Hanii Su, Hui Jiang, Jonathan H.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Upper tropospheric water vapor (UTWV) plays a critical role in amplifying global warming caused by increasing greenhouse gases, yet it is one of the most poorly simulated quantities in climate models. It is not clear what physical processes play a central role in controlling the model errors in UTWV. We diagnose the UTWV simulation errors from AMIP models submitted to the CMIP5 project by using “A-Train” satellite observation and reanalysis data. We identify the relative contributions of errors in relative humidity (RH), temperature, and large-scale circulation (represented by vertical pressure velocity at 500 hPa, ω500) to the modeled UTWV errors over the tropics (30°N–30°S). It is found that models generally have positive biases in UTWV, except over the continental convective regions where negative biases predominate. The errors in the patterns and amplitudes of climatological UTWV are highly correlated with those in RH and ω500. The fractional UTWV errors show large positive errors over the large-scale descending regimes (0 < ω500 < 40 hPa/day) where large model spreads also exist. The seasonal cycle of hemispherically averaged UTWV closely resembles that of ω500. The errors for UTWV interannual anomalies are abundant over the climatologically deep convective regions (SST > 300 K or ω500 < −30 hPa/day) and these errors are positive (negative) where anomalous descent (ascent) occurs during El Niño. We find that the water vapor errors are dominated by the errors in RH rather than in temperature throughout the troposphere, while temperature errors play an important role for water vapor errors near the tropopause.
Starting Page	2787
Ending Page	2803
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09307575
Journal	Climate Dynamics
Volume Number	46
Issue Number	9-10
e-ISSN	14320894
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-07-07
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Upper tropospheric water vapor “A-Train” satellite observations CMIP5 Error analysis Large-scale circulation Geophysics/Geodesy Climatology Oceanography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atmospheric Science

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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