NDLI: An effective clean-up technique for GC/EI-HRMS determination of developmental neurotoxicants in human breast milk

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Čechová, Eliška Seifertová, Marta Kukučka, Petr Vojta, Šimon Quaak, Ilona Cock, Marijke Bor, Margot Kočan, Anton
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The increasing number of children suffering from developmental disorders has raised questions regarding their association with the presence of environmental contaminants in mothers and children. We therefore developed a new method for the determination of 78 proven and potential developmental neurotoxicants, including polychlorinated biphenyls, legacy pesticides, pyrethroids, and old and new halogenated flame retardants in breast milk. The essential part of sample preparation was dialysis as a non-destructive clean-up step which was newly used at 10 °C and showed more efficient lipid removal (up to 96%) than the conventional methods such as gel permeation chromatography or freezing-lipid filtration and thus ensured low limits of detection (LOD) by reducing the sample volume prior to injection. Next advantages were significant solvent reduction and no risk of sample cross-contamination. Gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) was subsequently used for the separation and compound quantification. The method was validated using breast milk samples fortified with the analyzed compounds. Recoveries for most of the compounds ranged from 63 to 121% with a relative standard deviation of 2–25%, and LODs ranged between 0.001 and 0.87 ng g−1 lipid weight. The method was applied to breast milk samples from a Dutch birth cohort where 35 out of the 78 compounds were quantified in more than 60% of the samples. For novel flame retardants, the method provides unique results regarding their occurrence in human matrices in Europe. Overall, the analysis of a complex mixture of developmental neurotoxicants could be useful for the assessment of the influence of the studied compounds to child health and development. Graphical abstract Flow diagram of the method and levels of the developmental neurotoxicants in Dutch human milk samples
Starting Page	1311
Ending Page	1322
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16182642
Journal	Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
Volume Number	409
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	16182650
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-11-09
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Developmental neurotoxicants Dialysis GC-MS Human breast milk Non-destructive clean-up Analytical Chemistry Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Food Science Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Analytical Chemistry Biochemistry

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