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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Sharma, Monita Nikota, Jake Halappanavar, Sabina Castrava, Vincent Rothen Rutishauser, Barbara Clippinger, Amy J. |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | The increased production and use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a diverse array of consumer, medical, and industrial applications have raised concerns about potential human exposure to these materials in the workplace and ambient environments. Inhalation is a primary route of exposure to MWCNTs, and the existing data indicate that they are potentially hazardous to human health. While a 90-day rodent inhalation test (e.g., OECD Test No. 413: subchronic inhalation toxicity: 90-day study or EPA Health Effects Test Guidelines OPPTS 870.3465 90-day inhalation toxicity) is recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics for MWCNTs (and other CNTs) if they are to be commercially produced (Godwin et al. in ACS Nano 9:3409–3417, 2015), this test is time and cost-intensive and subject to scientific and ethical concerns. As a result, there has been much interest in transitioning away from studies on animals and moving toward human-based in vitro and in silico models. However, given the multiple mechanisms of toxicity associated with subchronic exposure to inhaled MWCNTs, a battery of non-animal tests will likely be needed to evaluate the key endpoints assessed by the 90-day rodent study. Pulmonary fibrosis is an important adverse outcome related to inhalation exposure to MWCNTs and one that the non-animal approach should be able to assess. This review summarizes the state-of-the-science regarding in vivo and in vitro toxicological methods for predicting MWCNT-induced pulmonary fibrosis. |
| Starting Page | 1605 |
| Ending Page | 1622 |
| Page Count | 18 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 03405761 |
| Journal | Archives of Toxicology |
| Volume Number | 90 |
| Issue Number | 7 |
| e-ISSN | 14320738 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2016-05-23 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Pulmonary fibrosis In vitro Multi-walled carbon nanotubes MWCNTs Human lung cells Pro-fibrotic markers Pharmacology/Toxicology Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Environmental Health Biomedicine general |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology |
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