NDLI: Impact of Microbes on Autoimmune Diseases

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Danzer, Claudia Mattner, Jochen
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases arise as a consequence of complex interactions of environmental factors with genetic traits. Although specific allelic variations cluster in predisposed individuals and promote the generation and/or expansion of autoreactive T and B lymphocytes, autoimmunity appears in various disease phenotypes and localizes to diverging tissues. Furthermore, the discovery that allelic variations within genes encoding components of the innate immune system drive self-reactive immune responses as well, led to the distinction of immune responses against host tissues into autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. In both categories of disorders, different pathogenic mechanisms and/or subsequent orders of tissue assaults may underlie the target cell specificity of the respective autoimmune attack. Furthermore, the transition from the initial tissue assault to the development of full-blown disease is likely driven by several factors. Thus, the development of specific forms of autoimmunity and autoinflammation reflects a multi-factorial process. The delineation of the specific factors involved in the pathogenic process is hampered by the fact that certain symptoms are assembled under the umbrella of a specific disease, although they might originate from diverging pathogenic pathways. These multi-factorial triggers and pathogenic pathways may also explain the inter-individual divergent courses and outcomes of diseases among humans. Here, we will discuss the impact of different environmental factors in general and microbial pathogens in particular on the regulation/expression of genes encoded within susceptibility alleles, and its consequences on subsequent autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory tissue damage utilizing primarily the chronic cholestatic liver disease primary biliary cirrhosis as model.
Starting Page	175
Ending Page	186
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0004069X
Journal	Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
Volume Number	61
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	16614917
Language	English
Publisher	SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Publisher Date	2013-02-16
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Autoimmunity Autoinflammation Genetic susceptibility Infection Host–pathogen interactions Immunology Pharmacology/Toxicology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

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