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Detrimental e ff ect of dietary sodium and beneficial e ff ect of dietary magnesium on glomerular changes in cyclosporin-A-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Pere, A. Krogerus, Leena Anneli Mervaala, Eero M. A. Laakso, J. Karppanen, Heikki Inkinen, Kaija A. Pere, Pertti Ahonen, Juhani Vapaatalo, Heikki Lindgren, Leena |
| Copyright Year | 1998 |
| Abstract | and histological renal changes; magnesium; sodium; spontaneously hypertensive rats; tissue calcium Background. Cyclosporin A (CsA) causes renal magnesium wasting, hypertension, and occasionally irreversible renal damage. We examined the effect of dietary sodium and magnesium on renal histology in Introduction spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) receiving CsA. Methods. Forty-six 8-week-old SHR were divided into six groups and given different dietary levels of sodium Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive ( low 0.3%, high 2.6%) and magnesium (low 0.2%, high agent used to prevent rejection after organ transplanta0.6%). Low-dose CsA (5 mg/kg/d) was given subcutation and also as a therapy in autoimmune diseases. neously for 6 weeks in four groups. Systolic blood Side-effects of CsA such as magnesium wasting [1,2], pressure, serum creatinine, degree of proteinuria, and hypertension [3,4], and nephrotoxicity have been renal tissue CsA and calcium concentrations were described both experimentally and clinically [1,5]. determined. Kidney wet weight to total body-weight Milder changes in kidney function, i.e. decreased glomratio was calculated as an index of renal hypertrophy. erular filtration rate and decreased magnesium reabRenal histological alterations were scored according to sorption, are reversible and dose-dependent [6 ]. glomerular changes: 100 glomeruli were assigned for Infrequently, changes in vascular structure are seen. severity of change a score from 0 to 3. The number of They occur at higher doses of CsA and are irreversible affected glomeruli was multiplied by the damage score once established [7]. to obtain a damage index. Both in epidemiological and experimental studies a Results. In the CsA-treated high-sodium diet group positive correlation between magnesium deficiency and systolic blood pressure and glomerular damage index rise in blood pressure has been found [8]. Magnesium were increased, and renal hypertrophy was the most deficiency will lead to an elevated blood pressure common. These changes were prevented by oral magbecause the calcium antagonistic vasodilating effect of nesium supplementation. The glomerular damage index magnesium is lacking [9]. correlated positively with increases in systolic blood In the average human diet, the energy-adjusted pressure, serum creatinine, proteinuria, and renal calquantity of salt (sodium) as mmol of Na+ per 100 kcal cium concentration. is approximately 10 times higher than in the convenConclusions. Dietary sodium enhanced CsA-induced tional rat chows. The low dietary levels of sodium in functional and morphological renal changes in SHR animal models seem to explain the failure of previous and aggravated hypertensive renal arteriolar and glomattempts to reproduce the toxicity, characteristic of erular lesions. Dietary magnesium supplementation CsA in man, in animal experiments [4]. We recently protected against the deleterious effects of sodium found that CsA, at a relatively low daily dose, 5 mg/kg, and CsA. induced a marked rise of blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats, but in the presence of addi |
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| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
