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Statistical limitations in relation to sample size.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Land, Charles E. |
| Copyright Year | 1981 |
| Abstract | The statistical difficulties of estimating cancer risks from low doses of a carcinogen are illustrated by examples from radiation carcinogenesis. Although more is known about dose-response relationships for ionizing radiation than for any other environmental carcinogen, estimates of cancer risk from low radiation doses have been extremely controversial; disagreements by factors of 100 or more are not uncommon. Direct estimation, based on data from populations exposed to low doses, is usually impracticable because of sample size requirements. Curve-fitting analyses, by which higher dose data determine lower dose risk estimates, require simple dose-response models if the estimates are to be statistically stable. The current level of knowledge about biological mechanisms of carcinogenesis dose not usually permit the confident assumption of a simple model, however; thus frequently the choice is between unstable risk estimates obtained using general models and statistically stable estimates whose stability depends on arbitrary model assumptions. |
| Starting Page | 15 |
| Ending Page | 21 |
| Page Count | 7 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| PubMed reference number | 7333252v1 |
| Volume Number | 42 |
| Journal | Environmental health perspectives |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/91/68/envhper00469-0019.PMC1568793.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Carcinogenesis Carcinogenesis, Radiation Carcinogens Carcinogens, Environmental Confidence Limit Estimated Ionizing radiation Lupus erythematosus tumidus Neoplasms Solutions Unstable Medical Device Problem radiation absorbed dose |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
