NDLI: A new approach to distance measurements between two spin labels in the >10 nm range

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Blank, A.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	ESR spectroscopy can be efficiently used to acquire the distance between two spin labels placed on a macromolecule by measuring their mutual dipolar interaction frequency, as long as the distance is not greater than ∼10 nm. Any hope to significantly increase this figure is hampered by the fact that all available spin labels have a phase memory time (Tm), restricted to the microseconds range, which provides a limited window during which the dipolar interaction frequency can be measured. Thus, due to the inverse cubic dependence of the dipolar frequency over the labels' separation distance, evaluating much larger distances, e.g. 20 nm, would require to have a Tm that is ∼200 microsecond, clearly beyond any hope. Here we propose a new approach to greatly enhancing the maximum measured distance available by relying on another type of dipole interaction-mediated mechanism called spin diffusion. This mechanism operates and can be evaluated during the spin lattice relaxation time, T1 (commonly in the milliseconds range), rather than only during Tm. Up until recently, the observation of spin diffusion in solid electron spin systems was considered experimentally impractical. However, recent developments have enabled its direct measurement by means of high sensitivity pulsed ESR that employs intense short magnetic field gradients, thus opening the door to the subsequent utilization of these capabilities. The manuscript presents the subject of spin diffusion, the ways it can be directly measured, and a theoretical discussion on how intramolecular spin-pair distance, even in the range of 20–30 nm, could be accurately extracted from spin diffusion measurements.
Starting Page	5222
Ending Page	5229
Page Count	8
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	14639076
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	7
Journal	Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
DOI	10.1039/c6cp07597e
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Computer memory Spectroscopy Gradient ESR Macromolecule Spin diffusion Interaction frequency Dipole Correlation and dependence Microsecond Crystal structure
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

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