NDLI: Scalable exfoliation and dispersion of two-dimensional materials

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Unravelling the early photochemical behavior of (8-substituted-7-hydroxyquinolinyl)methyl acetates through electronic structure theory and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy

Effect of doping and chemical ordering on the optoelectronic properties of complex oxides: Fe₂O₃–V₂O₃ solid solutions and hetero-structures

Interfacial gas nanobubbles or oil nanodroplets?

Control and formation mechanism of extended nanochannel geometry in colloidal mesoporous silica particles

Basis set convergence of the binding energies of strongly hydrogen-bonded atmospheric clusters

An absorption mechanism and polarity-induced viscosity model for CO₂ capture using hydroxypyridine-based ionic liquids

Ternary solvent for CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite films with uniform domain size

Seeing the invisible plasma with transient phonons in cuprous oxide

Effect of Co co-doping on the optical properties of ZnTe:Mn nanocrystals

BN-schwarzite: novel boron nitride spongy crystals

Hydrogen divacancy diffusion: a new perspective on H migration in MgH₂ materials for energy storage

Chiral organocatalysts based on lipopeptide micelles for aldol reactions in water

“Energy Relay Center” for doped mechanoluminescence materials: a case study on Cu-doped and Mn-doped CaZnOS

Water-tunable solvatochromic and nanoaggregate fluorescence: dual colour visualisation and quantification of trace water in tetrahydrofuran

Luminophores of tunable colors from ternary Ag–In–S and quaternary Ag–In–Zn–S nanocrystals covering the visible to near-infrared spectral range

Electronic properties of layered phosphorus heterostructures

Interfacial assembly structures and nanotribological properties of saccharic acids

Controlling photophysics of styrylnaphthalimides through TICT, fluorescence and E,Z-photoisomerization interplay

Energetics and structural characterization of the “DFG-flip” conformational transition of B-RAF kinase: a SITS molecular dynamics study

Observation of partial reduction of manganese in the lithium rich layered oxides, 0.4Li₂MnO₃–0.6LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂, during the first charge

Screening out unfeasible hypothetical zeolite structures via the closest non-adjacent O⋯O pairs

The intrinsic stabilities and structures of alkali metal cationized guanine quadruplexes

On the ionophoric selectivity of nonactin and related macrotetrolide derivatives

Beyond the electrostatic model: the significant roles of orbital interaction and the dispersion effect in aqueous–π systems

Electronic structures and transport properties of a MoS₂–NbS₂ nanoribbon lateral heterostructure

Size-dependent hardness of five-fold twin structured Ag nanowires

A hybrid method using the widely-used WIEN2k and VASP codes to calculate the complete set of XAS/EELS edges in a hundred-atoms system

The role of arsenic in the hydrolysis and DNA metalation processes in an arsenous acid–platinum(ii) anticancer complex

Novel multiferroic state and ME enhancement by breaking the AFM frustration in LuMn_1−xO₃

Spatial quenching of a molecular charge-transfer process in a quantum fluid: the Cs_x–C₆₀ reaction in superfluid helium nanodroplets

Structure and infrared spectra of hydrocarbon interstellar dust analogs

CO₂ capture in ionic liquid 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate: a concerted mechanism without carbene

Controlling disorder in the ZnGa₂O₄:Cr³⁺ persistent phosphor by Mg²⁺ substitution

A full dimensional potential for H₂O₂ (X¹A) covering all dissociation channels

Dynamics of a bioinert polymer in hydrated states by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy

Gold–silver@TiO₂ nanocomposite-modified plasmonic photoanodes for higher efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells

The total and the differential mean pore anisotropy in porous solids and the ranking of pores according to Zipf's law

New insight into the structural evolution of PbTiO₃: an unbiased structure search

Partial oxidation of the absorber layer reduces charge carrier recombination in antimony sulfide solar cells

Conformational and entropy analyses of extended molecular dynamics simulations of α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins and of the β-cyclodextrin/nabumetone complex

Thermodynamic origins of the solvent-dependent stability of lithium polysulfides from first principles

A Ru–Ru pair housed in ruthenium phthalocyanine: the role of a “cage” architecture in the molecule coupling with the Ag(111) surface

Decreasing amyloid toxicity through an increased rate of aggregation

Water aggregation and dissociation on the ZnO(101̄0) surface

Tuning quantum electron and phonon transport in two-dimensional materials by strain engineering: a Green's function based study

Electronic forces as descriptors of nucleophilic and electrophilic regioselectivity and stereoselectivity

Supramolecular assembly of a thermoresponsive steroidal surfactant with an oppositely charged thermoresponsive block copolymer

Solvent effects on the triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion of diiodo-Bodipy and perylene

Surface chemistry and density distribution influence on visible luminescence of silicon quantum dots: an experimental and theoretical approach

Roles of the methyl and methylene groups of mercapto acids in the photoluminescence efficiency and carrier trapping dynamics of CdTe QDs

Improving thermoelectric performance of TiNiSn by mixing MnNiSb in the half-Heusler structure

Mixed-linker UiO-66: structure–property relationships revealed by a combination of high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations

Protonation of aqueous alanine by photoionization of water

Acetylene adsorption on δ-MoC(001), TiC(001) and ZrC(001) surfaces: a comprehensive periodic DFT study

QCT dynamics study of OH/OD + GeH₄ reactions. The problem of water bending excitation

Cationic gemini surfactant as a dual linker for a cholic acid-modified polysaccharide in aqueous solution: thermodynamics of interaction and phase behavior

Simulation of selective thermodynamic deposition in nanoholes

Detection of a higher energy isomer of the CO–N₂O van der Waals complex and determination of two of its intermolecular frequencies

Primary vs. secondary H-atom abstraction in the Cl-atom reaction with n-pentane

Theoretical study on substituent and solvent effects for nanocubes formed with gear-shaped amphiphile molecules

Supramolecular organization of perfluorinated 1H-indazoles in the solid state using X-ray crystallography, SSNMR and sensitive (VCD) and non sensitive (MIR, FIR and Raman) to chirality vibrational spectroscopies

On the accuracy of the general, state-specific polarizable-continuum model for the description of correlated ground- and excited states in solution

Polaron dynamics with off-diagonal coupling: beyond the Ehrenfest approximation

The correlations of the electronic structure and film growth of 2,7-diocty[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT) on SiO₂

Generalized Born implicit solvent models for small molecule hydration free energies

Correction: Molecular and ionic diffusion in aqueous – deep eutectic solvent mixtures: probing inter-molecular interactions using PFG NMR

Inside back cover

Back cover

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -9

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -8

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -7

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -6

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -5

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -4

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -3

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -2

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol -0

Scalable exfoliation and dispersion of two-dimensional materials – an update

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Zhang, Yuqin Sun, Zhenyu Texter, John Tao, Hengcong Gao, Yunnan Yan, Chao
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	The preparation of dispersions of single- and few-sheet 2D materials in various solvents, as well as the characterization methods applied to such dispersions, is critically reviewed. Motivating factors for producing single- and few-sheet dispersions of 2D materials in liquids are briefly discussed. Many practical applications are expected for such materials that do not require high purity formulations and tight control of donor and acceptor concentrations, as required in conventional Fab processing of semiconductor chips. Approaches and challenges encountered in exfoliating 2D materials in liquids are reviewed. Ultrasonication, mechanical shearing, and electrochemical processing approaches are discussed, and their respective limitations and promising features are critiqued. Supercritical and more conventional liquid and solvent processing are then discussed in detail. The effects of various types of stabilizers, including surfactants and other amphiphiles, as well as polymers, including homopolymeric electrolytes, nonionic polymers, and nanolatexes, are discussed. Consideration of apparent successes of stabilizer-free dispersions indicates that extensive exfoliation in the absence of dispersing aids results from processing-induced surface modifications that promote stabilization of 2D material/solvent interactions. Also apparent paradoxes in “pristineness” and optical extinctions in dispersions suggest that there is much we do not yet quantitatively understand about the surface chemistry of these materials. Another paradox, emanating from modeling dilute solvent-only exfoliation by sonication using polar components of solubility parameters and surface tension for pristine graphene with no polar structural component, is addressed. This apparent paradox appears to be resolved by realizing that the reactivity of graphene to addition reactions of solvent radicals produced by sonolysis is accompanied by unintended polar surface modifications that promote attractive interactions with solvent. This hypothesis serves to define important theoretical and experimental studies that are needed. We conclude that the greatest promise for high volume and high concentration processing lies in applying methods that have not yet been extensively reported, particularly wet comminution processing using small grinding media of various types.
Starting Page	921
Ending Page	960
Page Count	40
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	14639076
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	2
Journal	Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
DOI	10.1039/c6cp06813h
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Paradox Sonication Semiconductor Graphene Electrochemistry Comminution Surface science Surface tension Solvent
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

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Simple Technique of Exfoliation and Dispersion of Multilayer Graphene from Natural Graphite by Ozone-Assisted Sonication

Identification of Graphene Dispersion Agents through Molecular Fingerprints.

Two-dimensional Cr-based ferromagnetic semiconductor: Theoretical simulations and design

Direct exfoliation of graphite using a non-ionic polymer surfactant for fabrication of transparent and conductive graphene films

Controlling dispersion of graphene nanoplatelets in aqueous solution by ultrasonic technique

Dispersion and Stabilization of Exfoliated Graphene in Ionic Liquids

Sonication-Free Exfoliation of Graphite Oxide via Rapid Phase Change of Water

Effect of Sonication Time on the Production of Graphene by Electrochemical Exfoliation Method

Scalable high yield exfoliation for monolayer nanosheets.

Scalable exfoliation and dispersion of two-dimensional materials – an update

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Simple Technique of Exfoliation and Dispersion of Multilayer Graphene from Natural Graphite by Ozone-Assisted Sonication

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