NDLI: PEG-capped, lanthanide doped GdF<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles: luminescent and T<sub>2</sub> contrast agents for optical and MRI multimodal imaging

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PEG-capped, lanthanide doped GdF₃ nanoparticles: luminescent and T₂ contrast agents for optical and MRI multimodal imaging

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Marzola, Pasquina Tambalo, Stefano Polizzi, Stefano Benati, Donatella Bettinelli, Marco Passuello, Tiziana Piccinelli, Fabio Vetrone, Fiorenzo Conti, Giamaica Speghini, Adolfo Pedroni, Marco
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	A facile method for the synthesis of water dispersible Er3+/Yb3+ and Tm3+/Yb3+ doped upconverting GdF3 nanoparticles is reported. Strong upconversion emissions are observed in the red (for Er/Yb doped) and near-infrared (for Tm/Yb doped) regions upon laser excitation at 980 nm. The PEG coating ensures a good dispersion of the system in water and reduces the radiationless de-excitation of the excited states of the Er3+ and Tm3+ ions by water molecules. The r2 relaxivity values are quite high with respect to the common T2-relaxing agents (22.6 ± 3.4 mM−1 s−1 and 15.8 ± 3.4 mM−1 s−1 for the Tm/Yb and Er/Yb doped samples, respectively), suggesting that the present NPs can be interesting as T2 weighted contrast agents for proton MRI purpose. Preliminary experiments conducted in vitro, in stem cell cultures, and in vivo, after subcutaneous injection of the lanthanide-doped GdF3 NPs, indicate scarce toxic effects. After an intravenous injection in mice, the GdF3 NPs localize mainly in the liver. The present results indicate that the present Er3+/Yb3+ and Tm3+/Yb3+ doped GdF3 NPs are suitable candidates to be efficiently used as bimodal probes for both in vitro and in vivo optical and magnetic resonance imaging.
Starting Page	7682
Ending Page	7689
Page Count	8
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20403364
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	24
Journal	Nanoscale
DOI	10.1039/c2nr31796f
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Magnetic resonance imaging Stem cell Liver Laser Proton Tm3 GDF3 Subcutaneous injection Acoustic dispersion
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

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