NDLI: <i>ortho</i> and <i>para</i> chromophores of green fluorescent protein: controlling electron emission and internal conversion

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Fielding, Helen H. Lewin, Ross Worth, Graham A. Parkes, Michael A. Woodhouse, Joanne L. McLaughlin, Conor Assmann, Mariana Hailes, Helen C.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Green fluorescent protein (GFP) continues to play an important role in the biological and biochemical sciences as an efficient fluorescent probe and is also known to undergo light-induced redox transformations. Here, we employ photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations to investigate how the phenoxide moiety controls the competition between electron emission and internal conversion in the isolated GFP chromophore anion, following photoexcitation with ultraviolet light in the range 400–230 nm. We find that moving the phenoxide group from the para position to the ortho position enhances internal conversion back to the ground electronic state but that adding an additional OH group to the para chromophore, at the ortho position, impedes internal conversion. Guided by quantum chemistry calculations, we interpret these observations in terms of torsions around the C–C–C bridge being enhanced by electrostatic repulsions or impeded by the formation of a hydrogen-bonded seven-membered ring. We also find that moving the phenoxide group from the para position to the ortho position reduces the energy required for detachment processes, whereas adding an additional OH group to the para chromophore at the ortho position increases the energy required for detachment processes. These results have potential applications in tuning light-induced redox processes of this biologically and technologically important fluorescent protein.
Starting Page	1621
Ending Page	1630
Page Count	10
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20416520
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	2
Journal	Chemical Science
DOI	10.1039/c6sc03833f
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Phenol Quantum chemistry Green fluorescent protein Redox Ion Photoemission spectroscopy Internal conversion Ultraviolet Chromophore Photoexcitation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry

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