NDLI: Bridge hosts, a missing link for disease ecology in multi-host systems

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Caron, Alexandre Cappelle, Julien Cumming, Graeme S. De, Garine-wichatitsky Michel Nicolas, Gaidet
Abstract	In ecology, the grouping of species into functional groups has played a valuable role in simplifying ecological complexity. In epidemiology, further clarifications of epidemiological functions are needed: while host roles may be defined, they are often used loosely, partly because of a lack of clarity on the relationships between a host’s function and its epidemiological role. Here we focus on the definition of bridge hosts and their epidemiological consequences. Bridge hosts provide a link through which pathogens can be transmitted from maintenance host populations or communities to receptive populations that people want to protect (i.e., target hosts). A bridge host should (1) be competent for the pathogen or able to mechanically transmit it; and (2) come into direct contact or share habitat with both maintenance and target populations. Demonstration of bridging requires an operational framework that integrates ecological and epidemiological approaches. We illustrate this framework using the example of the transmission of Avian Influenza Viruses across wild bird/poultry interfaces in Africa and discuss a range of other examples that demonstrate the usefulness of our definition for other multi-host systems. Bridge hosts can be particularly important for understanding and managing infectious disease dynamics in multi-host systems at wildlife/domestic/human interfaces, including emerging infections.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-015-0217-9
Starting Page	83
File Format	PDF
ISSN	12979716
e-ISSN	12979716
Journal	Veterinary Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	46
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2015-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	BioMed Central
Subject Keyword	veterinary(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Veterinary

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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