NDLI: Modulation of corticospinal excitability by transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Oberman, Lindsay M. Pascual-leone, Alvaro Rotenberg, Alexander
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The developmental pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is currently not fully understood. However, multiple lines of evidence suggest that the behavioral phenotype may result from dysfunctional inhibitory control over excitatory synaptic plasticity. Consistent with this claim, previous studies indicate that adults with Asperger’s Syndrome show an abnormally extended modulation of corticospinal excitability following a train of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). As ASD is a developmental disorder, the current study aimed to explore the effect of development on the duration of modulation of corticospinal excitability in children and adolescents with ASD. Additionally, as the application of rTMS to the understanding and treatment of pediatric neurological and psychiatric disorders is an emerging field, this study further sought to provide evidence for the safety and tolerability of rTMS in children and adolescents with ASD. Corticospinal excitability was measured by applying single pulses of TMS to the primary motor cortex both before and following a 40 s train of continuous theta burst stimulation. 19 high-functioning males ages 9–18 with ASD participated in this study. Results from this study reveal a positive linear relationship between age and duration of modulation of rTMS after-effects. Specifically we found that the older participants had a longer lasting response. Furthermore, though the specific protocol employed typically suppresses corticospinal excitability in adults, more than one third of our sample had a paradoxical facilitatory response to the stimulation. Results support the safety and tolerability of rTMS in pediatric clinical populations. Data also support published theories implicating aberrant plasticity and GABAergic dysfunction in this population.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00627
Starting Page	627
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16625161
e-ISSN	16625161
Journal	Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Volume Number	8
Language	English
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Publisher Date	2014-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Frontiers Media S.A.
Subject Keyword	Biological Psychiatry Behavioral Neuroscience Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Neurology Psychiatry and Mental health Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Biological Psychiatry Behavioral Neuroscience Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Psychiatry and Mental Health

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