NDLI: COUP orphan receptors are negative regulators of retinoic acid response pathways.

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COUP orphan receptors are negative regulators of retinoic acid response pathways.

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Construction of a Bifunctional mRNA in the Mouse by Using the Internal Ribosomal Entry Site of the Encephalomyocarditis Virus

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COUP orphan receptors are negative regulators of retinoic acid response pathways.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Tran, P. Salbert, G. Hermann, T. Lehmann, J. M. Pfahl, M. Zhang, X. K.
Abstract	The vitamin hormone retinoic acid (RA) regulates many complex biological programs. The hormonal signals are mediated at the level of transcription by multiple nuclear receptors. These receptors belong to the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily that also includes a large number of orphan receptors whose biological roles have not yet been determined. Although much has been learned in recent years about RA receptor (RAR) functions, little is known about how specific RA response programs are restricted to certain tissues and cell types during development and in the adult. It has been recently shown that RAR activities are regulated by retinoid X receptors (RXR) through heterodimer formation. In an effort to isolate and further characterize nuclear receptors that modulate RAR and/or RXR activities, we have screened cDNA libraries by using a RXR alpha cDNA probe. Two clones, COUP alpha and COUP beta, identical and closely related to the orphan receptor COUP-TF, were obtained. We show that COUP proteins dramatically inhibit retinoid receptor activities on certain response elements that are activated by RAR/RXR heterodimers or RXR homodimers. COUP alpha and -beta bind strongly to these response elements, including a palindromic thyroid hormone response element and a direct repeat RA response element as well as an RXR-specific response element. In addition, we found that the previously identified COUP-TF binding site in the ovalbumin gene functions in vitro as an RA response element that is repressed in the presence of COUP. Our data suggest that the COUP receptors are a novel class of RAR and RXR regulators that can restrict RA signaling to certain elements. The COUP orphan receptors may thus play an important role in cell- or tissue-specific repression of subsets of RA-sensitive programs during development and in the adult.
Starting Page	4666
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985549
e-ISSN	10985549
Journal	Molecular and Cellular Biology
Issue Number	10
Volume Number	12
Language	English
Publisher Date	1992-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Molecular Biology

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