NDLI: Punctuation and syntax of the RNA polymerase II CTD code in fission yeast

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Schwer, Beate Sanchez, Ana M. Shuman, Stewart
Abstract	The primary structure and phosphorylation pattern of the tandem Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7 repeats of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) convey information about the transcription apparatus—a CTD code—to a large ensemble of CTD-binding receptor proteins. Four of the seven coding “letters” of the fission yeast CTD (Tyr1, Pro3, Ser5, Pro6) are essential in vivo, but the grammatical rules of the code are obscure. Here we show that the minimal fission yeast CTD coding unit is a decapeptide Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7Y1S2P3 and the spacing between coding units is flexible; the coding unit must contain two Tyr1 residues and the spacing between consecutive tyrosines is important; Ser5-PO4-Pro6 comprises an essential two-letter code “word” that is read by the mRNA capping apparatus; and a threshold number of Ser5-PO4-Pro6 words are needed to comprise a readable “sentence” of CTD information. Bypassing the essentiality of the Ser5 and Pro6 letters by fusion of capping enzymes to the CTD helped reveal how CTD phosphorylation circuits are wired in vivo. We found that the Ser2-PO4 mark is independent of Ser5, Pro6, Ser7, and Thr4, whereas the Ser5-PO4 mark is independent of Ser2, Ser7, and Thr4. These results provide unique insights to the reading and writing of the CTD code.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208995109
Starting Page	18024
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10916490
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	44
Volume Number	109
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2012-10-30
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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