NDLI: Sequential interaction of chloride and proton ions with the fast gate steer the voltage-dependent gating in ClC-2 chloride channels

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Sánchez-rodríguez, Jorge E. De, Santiago-castillo José A. Antonio, Contreras-vite Juan Nieto-delgado, Pablo G. Castro-chong, Alejandra Arreola, Jorge
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The interaction of either H+ or Cl− ions with the fast gate is the major source of voltage (V m) dependence in ClC Cl− channels. However, the mechanism by which these ions confer V m dependence to the ClC-2 Cl− channel remains unclear. By determining the V m dependence of normalized conductance (G norm(V m)), an index of open probability, ClC-2 gating was studied at different [H+]i, [H+]o and [Cl−]i. Changing [H+]i by five orders of magnitude whilst [Cl−]i/[Cl−]o = 140/140 or 10/140 mm slightly shifted G norm(V m) to negative V m without altering the onset kinetics; however, channel closing was slower at acidic pHi. A similar change in [H+]o with [Cl−]i/[Cl−]o = 140/140 mm enhanced G norm in a bell-shaped manner and shifted G norm(V m) curves to positive V m. Importantly, G norm was >0 with [H+]o = 10−10 m but channel closing was slower when [H+]o or [Cl−]i increased implying that ClC-2 was opened without protonation and that external H+ and/or internal Cl− ions stabilized the open conformation. The analysis of kinetics and steady-state properties at different [H+]o and [Cl−]i was carried out using a gating Scheme coupled to Cl− permeation. Unlike previous results showing V m-dependent protonation, our analysis revealed that fast gate protonation was V m and Cl− independent and the equilibrium constant for closed–open transition of unprotonated channels was facilitated by elevated [Cl−]i in a V m-dependent manner. Hence a V m dependence of pore occupancy by Cl− induces a conformational change in unprotonated closed channels, before the pore opens, and the open conformation is stabilized by Cl− occupancy and V m-independent protonation.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2012.232660
Ending Page	4253
Page Count	15
Starting Page	4239
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00223751
e-ISSN	14697793
Journal	The Journal of Physiology
Issue Number	Pt 17
Volume Number	590
Language	English
Publisher	Blackwell Science Inc
Publisher Date	2012-09-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Blackwell Science Inc
Subject Keyword	Physiology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Sports Science

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