NDLI: Visualization of early chromosome condensation

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Kireeva, Natashe Margot, Lakonishok Kireev, Igor Hirano, Tatsuya Belmont, Andrew S.
Abstract	Current models of mitotic chromosome structure are based largely on the examination of maximally condensed metaphase chromosomes. Here, we test these models by correlating the distribution of two scaffold components with the appearance of prophase chromosome folding intermediates. We confirm an axial distribution of topoisomerase IIα and the condensin subunit, structural maintenance of chromosomes 2 (SMC2), in unextracted metaphase chromosomes, with SMC2 localizing to a 150–200-nm-diameter central core. In contrast to predictions of radial loop/scaffold models, this axial distribution does not appear until late prophase, after formation of uniformly condensed middle prophase chromosomes. Instead, SMC2 associates throughout early and middle prophase chromatids, frequently forming foci over the chromosome exterior. Early prophase condensation occurs through folding of large-scale chromatin fibers into condensed masses. These resolve into linear, 200–300-nm-diameter middle prophase chromatids that double in diameter by late prophase. We propose a unified model of chromosome structure in which hierarchical levels of chromatin folding are stabilized late in mitosis by an axial “glue.”
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200406049
Ending Page	785
Page Count	11
Starting Page	775
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00219525
e-ISSN	15408140
Journal	The Journal of Cell Biology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	166
Language	English
Publisher	The Rockefeller University Press
Publisher Date	2004-09-13
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The Rockefeller University Press
Subject Keyword	Cell Biology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Medicine

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