NDLI: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complexes: studies of organization and composition.

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In vivo sequence variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gp120: association of V2 extension with slow disease progression.

Identification of the site of Epstein-Barr virus persistence in vivo as a resting B cell.

Inactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 inhibitory elements allows Rev-independent expression of Gag and Gag/protease and particle formation.

The ICP0 protein of equine herpesvirus 1 is an early protein that independently transactivates expression of all classes of viral promoters.

Expression of the poliovirus receptor in intestinal epithelial cells is not sufficient to permit poliovirus replication in the mouse gut.

Localized sequence heterogeneity in the long terminal repeats of in vivo isolates of equine infectious anemia virus.

Genomic diversity and evolution of papillomaviruses in rhesus monkeys.

Analysis of the gene start and gene end signals of human respiratory syncytial virus: quasi-templated initiation at position 1 of the encoded mRNA.

Nuclear localization of the NS3 protein of hepatitis C virus and factors affecting the localization.

Biochemical characterizations of two temperature-sensitive and attenuated strains of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup B.

Sequence- and structure-specific determinants in the interaction between the RNA encapsidation signal and reverse transcriptase of avian hepatitis B viruses.

Protection of human immunodeficiency virus type 2-exposed seronegative macaques from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus transmission.

GB virus B and hepatitis C virus NS3 serine proteases share substrate specificity.

Two parvoviruses that cause different diseases in mink have different transcription patterns: transcription analysis of mink enteritis virus and Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in the same cell line.

Construction of a vaccinia virus deficient in the essential DNA repair enzyme uracil DNA glycosylase by a complementing cell line.

Multiple extracellular domains of CCR-5 contribute to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry and fusion.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein K is not essential for infectious virus production in actively replicating cells but is required for efficient envelopment and translocation of infectious virions from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space.

The shiverer mutation affects the persistence of Theiler's virus in the central nervous system.

Identification and characterization of a baculovirus structural protein, VP1054, required for nucleocapsid formation.

The human cytomegalovirus UL55 (gB) and UL75 (gH) glycoprotein ligands initiate the rapid activation of Sp1 and NF-kappaB during infection.

Specific targeting to CD4+ cells of recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses encoding human immunodeficiency virus envelope proteins.

Evolution of envelope-specific antibody responses in monkeys experimentally infected or immunized with simian immunodeficiency virus and its association with the development of protective immunity.

Stability of AML1 (core) site enhancer mutations in T lymphomas induced by attenuated SL3-3 murine leukemia virus mutants.

A mechanism for negative gene regulation in Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus.

Restoration of interferon responses of adenovirus E1A-expressing HT1080 cell lines by overexpression of p48 protein.

The product of the adenovirus intermediate gene IX is a transcriptional activator.

Uncovering subdominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-infected BALB/c mice.

Tissue culture adaptation of foot-and-mouth disease virus selects viruses that bind to heparin and are attenuated in cattle.

Transcriptional targeting of herpes simplex virus for cell-specific replication.

Molecular basis for the differential subcellular localization of the 38- and 39-kilodalton structural proteins of Borna disease virus.

Biological characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones derived from different organs of an AIDS patient by long-range PCR.

Analysis of a recombinant mouse hepatitis virus expressing a foreign gene reveals a novel aspect of coronavirus transcription.

Characterization of late gene transcripts expressed during vegetative replication of human papillomavirus type 31b.

Specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes are involved in in vivo clearance of infectious bronchitis virus.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein promotes efficient strand transfer and specific viral DNA synthesis by inhibiting TAR-dependent self-priming from minus-strand strong-stop DNA.

Adenovirus vector-infected cells can escape adenovirus antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte killing in vivo.

Self-association of herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP35 is via coiled-coil interactions and promotes stable interaction with the major capsid protein.

Plasma membrane targeting of chimeric intracisternal A-type particle polyproteins leads to particle release and specific activation of the viral proteinase.

Identification and analysis of three myristylated vaccinia virus late proteins.

Inhibition of Japanese encephalitis virus infection by nitric oxide: antiviral effect of nitric oxide on RNA virus replication.

Role for highly regulated rep gene expression in adeno-associated virus vector production.

Brain-infiltrating cytolytic T lymphocytes specific for Theiler's virus recognize H2Db molecules complexed with a viral VP2 peptide lacking a consensus anchor residue.

Interference of coronavirus infection by expression of immunoglobulin G (IgG) or IgA virus-neutralizing antibodies.

The Vif and Gag proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 colocalize in infected human T cells.

Gene expression during reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 from latency in the peripheral nervous system is different from that during lytic infection of tissue cultures.

Hemagglutinin-esterase, a novel structural protein of torovirus.

Neurologic disease induced by polytropic murine retroviruses: neurovirulence determined by efficiency of spread to microglial cells.

Characterization of humoral and CD4+ cellular responses after genetic immunization with retroviral vectors expressing different forms of the hepatitis B virus core and e antigens.

Cloning of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Mx2 and Mx3 cDNAs and characterization of trout Mx protein expression in salmon cells.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus NS3 serine proteinase: polyprotein cleavage sites, cofactor requirements, and molecular model of an enzyme essential for pestivirus replication.

The NS1 protein of the autonomous parvovirus minute virus of mice blocks cellular DNA replication: a consequence of lesions to the chromatin?

Long-lasting adenovirus transgene expression in mice through neonatal intrathymic tolerance induction without the use of immunosuppression.

cis-Acting sequences in addition to donor and acceptor sites are required for template switching during synthesis of plus-strand DNA for duck hepatitis B virus.

Insertions within epsilon affect synthesis of minus-strand DNA before the template switch for duck hepatitis B virus.

Characterization of glycosylated Gag expressed by a neurovirulent murine leukemia virus: identification of differences in processing in vitro and in vivo.

Theiler's virus and Mengo virus induce cross-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes restricted to the same immunodominant VP2 epitope in C57BL/6 mice.

Infectious RNA transcripts from full-length dengue virus type 2 cDNA clones made in yeast.

High level of transgene expression in cell cultures and in the mouse by replication-incompetent adenoviruses harboring modified VAI genes.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complexes: studies of organization and composition.

Characterization of a novel third member of the human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein H-glycoprotein L complex.

Transcription of hepatitis B virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from persistently infected patients.

Effects of nucleotide changes on the ability of hepatitis delta virus to transcribe, process, and accumulate unit-length, circular RNA.

Serine protease of pestiviruses: determination of cleavage sites.

Comprehensive quantification of herpes simplex virus latency at the single-cell level.

The herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript gene regulates the establishment of latency.

Sequence and drug susceptibility of subtype C reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconverters in Zimbabwe.

The small envelope protein is required for secretion of a naturally occurring hepatitis B virus mutant with pre-S1 deleted.

Increase in the frequency of hepadnavirus DNA integrations by oxidative DNA damage and inhibition of DNA repair.

Complete nucleotide sequence of the new simian T-lymphotropic virus, STLV-PH969 from a Hamadryas baboon, and unusual features of its long terminal repeat.

Immunogenicity of a contiguous T-B synthetic epitope of the A/PR/8/34 influenza virus.

Sendai virus efficiently infects cells via the asialoglycoprotein receptor and requires the presence of cleaved F0 precursor proteins for this alternative route of cell entry.

Formation of intracellular particles by hepatitis B virus large surface protein.

The kappaB sites in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat enhance virus replication yet are not absolutely required for viral growth.

Molecular analysis of the feline immunodeficiency virus protease: generation of a novel form of the protease by autoproteolysis and construction of cleavage-resistant proteases.

pp60c-src binding to polyomavirus middle T-antigen (MT) requires residues 185 to 210 of the MT sequence.

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus replication by the herpes simplex virus virion host shutoff protein.

Recognition of prominent viral epitopes induced by immunization with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 regulatory genes.

Regression of papillomas induced by cottontail rabbit papillomavirus is associated with infiltration of CD8+ cells and persistence of viral DNA after regression.

The range and distribution of murine central nervous system cells infected with the gamma(1)34.5- mutant of herpes simplex virus 1.

Initiation of DNA synthesis by human papillomavirus E7 oncoproteins is resistant to p21-mediated inhibition of cyclin E-cdk2 activity.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces apoptosis following cell cycle arrest.

Vpr of simian immunodeficiency virus of African green monkeys is required for replication in macaque macrophages and lymphocytes.

Apoptosis plays an important role in experimental rabies virus infection.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of long terminal repeat sequences from long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

Evidence for translation of the Borna disease virus G protein by leaky ribosomal scanning and ribosomal reinitiation.

Simian virus 40 T antigen can regulate p53-mediated transcription independent of binding p53.

Genetic analysis of interactions between Gag proteins of Rous sarcoma virus.

Identification of an ATPase activity associated with a 71-kilodalton polypeptide encoded in gene 1 of the human coronavirus 229E.

The pseudorabies virus UL51 gene product is a 30-kilodalton virion component.

The UL20 gene product of pseudorabies virus functions in virus egress.

VP5 of infectious bursal disease virus is not essential for viral replication in cell culture.

Rhabdovirus-induced apoptosis in a fish cell line is inhibited by a human endogenous acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor.

Adeno-associated virus type 2-mediated transfer of ecotropic retrovirus receptor cDNA allows ecotropic retroviral transduction of established and primary human cells.

Subunit-specific mutagenesis of the cysteine 280 residue of the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: effects on sensitivity to a specific inhibitor of the RNase H activity.

Fish nodavirus lytic cycle and semipermissive expression in mammalian and fish cell cultures.

A subgenomic mRNA transcript of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 defective interfering (DI) RNA is packaged when it contains the DI packaging signal.

Epstein-Barr virus infection of human gastric carcinoma cells: implication of the existence of a new virus receptor different from CD21.

Human cytomegalovirus induces interleukin-8 production by a human monocytic cell line, THP-1, through acting concurrently on AP-1- and NF-kappaB-binding sites of the interleukin-8 gene.

Two distinct oncornaviruses harbor an intracytoplasmic tyrosine-based basolateral targeting signal in their viral envelope glycoprotein.

pIRS1 and pTRS1 are present in human cytomegalovirus virions.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 envelope glycoproteins oligomerize through conserved sequences.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complexes: studies of organization and composition.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Miller, M. D. Farnet, C. M. Bushman, F. D.
Abstract	We have investigated the organization and function of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) preintegration complexes (PICs), the large nucleoprotein particles that carry out cDNA integration in vivo. PICs can be isolated from HIV-1-infected cells, and such particles are capable of carrying out integration reactions in vitro. We find that although the PICs are large, the cDNA must be condensed to fit into the measured volume. The ends of the cDNA are probably linked by a protein bridge, since coordinated joining of the two ends is not disrupted by cleaving the cDNA internally with a restriction enzyme. cDNA ends in PICs were protected from digestion by added exonucleases, probably due to binding of proteins. The intervening cDNA, in contrast, was susceptible to attack by endonucleases. Previous work has established that the virus-encoded integrase protein is present in PICs, and we have reported recently that the host protein HMG I(Y) is also present. Here we report that the viral matrix and reverse transcriptase (RT) proteins also cofractionated with PICs through several steps whereas capsid and nucleocapsid proteins dissociated. These data support a model of PIC organization in which the cDNA is condensed in a partially disassembled remnant of the viral core, with proteins tightly associated at the apposed cDNA ends but loosely associated with the intervening cDNA. In characterizing the structure of the cDNA ends, we found that the U5 DNA ends created by RT were ragged, probably due to the terminal transferase activity of RT. Only molecules correctly cleaved by integrase protein at the 3' ends were competent to integrate, suggesting that one role for terminal cleavage by integrase may be to create a defined end at otherwise heterogeneous cDNA termini.
Starting Page	5382
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985514
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	7
Volume Number	71
Language	English
Publisher Date	1997-07-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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