NDLI: Line Tension and Interaction Energies of Membrane Rafts Calculated from Lipid Splay and Tilt

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Kuzmin, Peter I. Akimov, Sergey A. Chizmadzhev, Yuri A. Joshua, Zimmerberg Cohen, Fredric S.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Membrane domains known as rafts are rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids, and are thought to be thicker than the surrounding membrane. If so, monolayers should elastically deform so as to avoid exposure of hydrophobic surfaces to water at the raft boundary. We calculated the energy of splay and tilt deformations necessary to avoid such hydrophobic exposure. The derived value of energy per unit length, the line tension γ, depends on the elastic moduli of the raft and the surrounding membrane; it increases quadratically with the initial difference in thickness between the raft and surround; and it is reduced by differences, either positive or negative, in spontaneous curvature between the two. For zero spontaneous curvature, γ is ∼1 pN for a monolayer height mismatch of ∼0.3 nm, in agreement with experimental measurement. Our model reveals conditions that could prevent rafts from forming, and a mechanism that can cause rafts to remain small. Prevention of raft formation is based on our finding that the calculated line tension is negative if the difference in spontaneous curvature for a raft and the surround is sufficiently large: rafts cannot form if γ < 0 unless molecular interactions (ignored in the model) are strong enough to make the total line tension positive. Control of size is based on our finding that the height profile from raft to surround does not decrease monotonically, but rather exhibits a damped, oscillatory behavior. As an important consequence, the calculated energy of interaction between rafts also oscillates as it decreases with distance of separation, creating energy barriers between closely apposed rafts. The height of the primary barrier is a complex function of the spontaneous curvatures of the raft and the surround. This barrier can kinetically stabilize the rafts against merger. Our physical theory thus quantifies conditions that allow rafts to form, and further, defines the parameters that control raft merger.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.104.048223
Ending Page	1133
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1120
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00063495
e-ISSN	15420086
Journal	Biophysical Journal
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	88
Language	English
Publisher	Biophysical Society
Publisher Date	2005-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Biophysical Society
Subject Keyword	Biophysics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biophysics

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