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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Par comparaison avec d’autres pays de l’OCDE, il fait relativement bon vivre aux États-Unis grâce à une croissance économique soutenue et des progrès technologiques qui ont porté le revenu moyen à un niveau élevé. Néanmoins, des éléments indiquent que les avantages tirés de cette réussite ne sont pas répartis de manière suffisamment large. L’appréciation subjective du bonheur croît avec les revenus, et ce point prend une résonnance particulière dans un pays où les inégalités de revenus sont parmi les plus élevées de l’OCDE et où le modèle de répartition des revenus semble évoluer vers une concentration encore plus forte à l’extrémité supérieure de la fourchette, au détriment de la classe moyenne et des pauvres. La durée du travail aux États-Unis reste en outre l’une des plus longues de la zone OCDE, ce qui accentue les difficultés rencontrées par les Américains pour concilier vie professionnelle et vie privée, élever leurs enfants et se libérer du temps pour leurs loisirs et activités personnelles. Ces pressions contribuent à une augmentation des tensions et du stress au travail, qui ont des effets négatifs sur la santé, y compris mentale, ainsi que des conséquences néfastes sur l’employabilité et les coûts médicaux. S’il est difficile d’inverser ces tendances, plusieurs moyens d’action utiles sont actuellement mis en œuvre,tandis que d’autres initiatives sont à l’étude : politiques fédérales améliorant l’accès aux soins de santé et à l’éducation préscolaire, initiatives menées par les États en faveur de la flexibilité au travail, investissements consentis par les entreprises pour améliorer la qualité des emplois et attention accrue accordée aux effets du stress au travail sur la santé. Si ces mesures sont effectivement adoptées, elles pourraient grandement contribuer à améliorer le bien-être des ménages américains qui travaillent. |
| Page Count | 30 |
| Starting Page | 65 |
| Ending Page | 94 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2016-01-29 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Economics |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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