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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Le bien-être des Autrichiens va se heurter à l’avenir à des défis importants liés aux tendances démographiques et environnementales, qui rendent encore plus saillants les synergies et les arbitrages entre les différents aspects du bien-être. Le vieillissement de la population nécessite un juste équilibre entre les cotisations et les droits à pension, sur la base de la réforme récente du régime de retraite. Ces progrès vont permettre aux Autrichiens de faire des choix plus éclairés entre la durée de leur vie active et de leurs cotisations et celle de leur retraite ainsi que leurs revenus en fonction de leurs préférences, sans pour autant peser sur la viabilité des finances publiques. Face à l’augmentation du taux d’activité des femmes, les politiques familiales devraient contribuer à l’égalité des chances au sein des familles et favoriser des services de soutien accessibles, abordables et efficaces. La proportion grandissante des groupes immigrés ayant un faible niveau de capital humain exige la mise en place de mesures correctives afin de préserver la cohésion sociale, et donc des efforts plus importants pour encourager la formation de capital humain et des synergies entre les sources matérielles et non matérielles du bien-être pour tous. Les pressions pesant sur l’environnement sont causées par l’étalement urbain et l’expansion rapide du transport routier. L’étalement urbain accroît le risque de crues et menace la biodiversité, tandis que la circulation automobile contribue largement à la pollution atmosphérique et à ses effets néfastes sur la santé. Pour contrer ces évolutions environnementales, il faudra mettre en place une tarification plus appropriée des externalités et de meilleures politiques de développement régional afin de promouvoir des habitats plus denses et bien desservis par les transports publics. Il faut pour cela renforcer la coordination entre les différents niveaux d’administration et mieux intégrer les politiques de développement régional, de transport et de logement afin d’en améliorer la cohérence. |
| Page Count | 44 |
| Starting Page | 115 |
| Ending Page | 158 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2013-12-03 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Economics |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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