NDLI: Catalytic Liquefaction of Kraft Lignin with Solvothermal Approach

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Catalytic Liquefaction of Kraft Lignin with Solvothermal Approach

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Sebhat, Woldemichael Roz, Ayman El Fongarland, Pascal Vilcocq, Léa Djakovitch, Laurent
Copyright Year	2021
Description	Lignin is a natural biopolymer present in lignocellulosic biomass. During paper pulp production with the Kraft process, it is solubilized and degraded in Kraft lignin and then burned to recover energy. In this paper, the solvolysis of Kraft lignin was studied in water and in water/alcohol mixtures to produce oligomers and monomers of interest, at mild temperatures (200–275 °C) under inert atmosphere. It was found that the presence of alcohol and the type of alcohol (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol) greatly influenced the amount of oligomers and monomers formed from lignin, reaching a maximum of 48 mg·g_{lignin}$^{−1}$ of monomers with isopropanol as a co-solvent. The impact of the addition of various solid catalysts composed of a metal phase (Pd, Pt or Ru) supported on an oxide $(Al_{2}O_{3}$, $TiO_{2}$, $ZrO_{2}$) was investigated. In water, the yield in monomers was enhanced by the presence of a catalyst and particularly by $Pd/ZrO_{2}$. However, with an alcoholic co-solvent, the catalyst only enhanced the formation of oligomers. Detailed characterizations of the products with FTIR,$ ^{31}$P-NMR,$ ^{1}$H-NMR and HSQC NMR were performed to elucidate the chemical transformations occurring during solvolysis. The nature of the active catalytic specie was also investigated by testing homogeneous palladium catalysts.
Starting Page	875
e-ISSN	20734344
DOI	10.3390/catal11080875
Journal	Catalysts
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-07-21
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Catalysts Paper and Wood Kraft Lignin Palladium Zirconium Oxide Hydrothermal Liquefaction Solvothermal Liquefaction Vanillin Guaiacol Alkylguaiacols
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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