NDLI: Restoration of Synthesis of Sulfoglucuronylglycolipids in Cerebellar Granule Neurons Promotes Dedifferentiation and Neurite Outgrowth

Content Provider	Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC)
Author	Chou, Denise K. H. Tobet, Stuart A. Jungalwala, Firoze B.
Abstract	Sulfoglucuronyl carbohydrate (SGC) linked to the terminal moiety of neolacto-oligosaccharides is expressed in several glycoproteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in neural cell-cell recognition as well as in two sulfoglucuronylglycolipids (SGGLs) of the nervous system. SGGLs and SGC-containing glycoproteins are temporally and spatially regulated during development of the nervous system. In the cerebellum, the expression of SGC, particularly that of SGGLs, is biphasic. Several studies have suggested that the initial rise and decline in the levels of SGGLs and SGC-containing proteins correlated with the migration of granule neurons from the external granule cell layer to the internal granule cell layer and their subsequent maturation, whereas the later rise and continued expression of SGGLs in the adult was associated with their localization in the Purkinje neurons and their dendrites in the molecular layer. Here it is shown by immunocytochemical methods that the expression of SGC declined progressively in granule neurons isolated from cerebella of increasing age. The decline in the expression of SGC in granule neurons was also shown with time in culture. These results correlated with the previously shown declining activity of the regulatory enzyme lactosylceramideN-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GlcNAc-Tr) with agein vivo and in isolated granule neurons in culture. GlcNAc-Tr synthesizes a key precursor, lactotriosylceramide, involved in the biosynthesis of SGGL-1. The down-regulated synthesis of SGGLs in the mature granule neurons was shown by immunocytochemical and biochemical methods to be restored when a precursor, glucuronylneolactotetraosylceramide (GGL-1), which is beyond the GlcNAc-Tr step, was exogenously provided to these cells. The biological effect of such restoration of the synthesis of SGGLs in the mature granule neurons leads to cell aggregation and enhanced proliferation of neurites, amounting to dedifferentiation.
Related Links	http://www.jbc.org/content/273/14/8508.abstract
Ending Page	8515
Starting Page	8508
Page Count	8
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	00219258
Journal	Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC)
Issue Number	14
Volume Number	273
DOI	10.1074/jbc.273.14.8508
e-ISSN	1083351X
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher Date	1998-04-03
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS, AND OTHER NATURAL PRODUCTS
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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