NDLI: Challenges and implications of using ultrasonic communications in intra-body area networks

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Galluccio, L. Melodia, T. Palazzo, S. Santagati, G.E.
Copyright Year	2012
Description	Author affiliation: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica ed Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy (Galluccio, L.; Palazzo, S.; Santagati, G.E.) \|\| Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260 (Melodia, T.)
Abstract	Body area networks (BANs) promise to enable revolutionary biomedical applications by wirelessly interconnecting devices implanted or worn by humans. However, BAN wireless communications based on radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves suffer from poor propagation of signals in body tissues, which leads to high levels of attenuation. In addition, in-body transmissions are constrained to be low-power to prevent overheating of tissues and consequent death of cells. To address the limitations of RF propagation in the human body, we propose a paradigm shift by exploring the use of ultrasonic waves as the physical medium to wirelessly interconnect in-body implanted devices. Acoustic waves are the transmission technology of choice for underwater communications, since they are known to propagate better than their RF counterpart in media composed mainly of water. Similarly, we envision that ultrasound (e.g., acoustic waves at non-audible frequencies) will provide support for communications in the human body, which is composed for 65% of water. In this paper, we first assess the feasibility of using ultrasonic communications in intra-body BANs, i.e., in-body networks where the devices are biomedical sensors that communicate with an actuator/gateway device located inside the body. We discuss the fundamentals of ultrasonic propagation in tissues, and explore important tradeoffs, including the choice of a transmission frequency, transmission power, bandwidth, and transducer size. Then, we discuss future research challenges for ultrasonic networking of intra-body devices at the physical, medium access and network layers of the protocol stack.
Starting Page	182
Ending Page	189
File Size	788943
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781457717215
e-ISBN	9781457717222
e-ISBN	9781457717208
DOI	10.1109/WONS.2012.6152227
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-01-09
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Actuators Transducers Ultrasonic imaging Noise Attenuation Acoustics Blood
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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