NDLI: High resolution 3D flow mapping in tumors

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Kruse, D. Chomas, J. Salerno, M. El-Fallah, A. Ferrara, K.
Copyright Year	1997
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Biomed. Eng., Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA, USA (Kruse, D.)
Abstract	Tumor biologists indicate that angiogenesis is required for tumor growth beyond about 1 mm/sup 3/. Furthermore, regions of increased and decreased vascular density are each on the order of 500 /spl mu/m. Therefore, it is for tumors whose size is on the order of 1 mm/sup 3/ that the authors would like to detect this increased vascular density, and a resolution of at least 500 /spl mu/m is critical. In a small clinical study the authors were able to detect localized vasculature in all malignant masses of diameter 1 cm/sup 3/ or greater, with associated vessels of a size 300 /spl mu/m or greater. In order to detect very low velocity blood flow in vessels of diameter less than 300 /spl mu/m, the authors evaluate the feasibility of both nominal 50 MHz color flow mapping without contrast, and 7 MHz color flow mapping with contrast agent. The authors tested these strategies with LNCaP athymic mice, a human prostate tumor model. In a very high frequency study, they detected low velocity flow in vessels as small as 50 /spl mu/m within and surrounding the tumor. In a 7 MHz contrast study, vessels less than 200 /spl mu/m were not detected with color flow without a contrast agent. With a contrast agent, the dense vasculature within and surrounding the tumors was detected, however, individual vessels can not be resolved. These tumor models are a new tool to evaluate imaging systems, with both development and morphology being similar to human tumors. The authors have detected both high speed flow in A-V shunts and low velocity flow in these tumor models. Here, they establish the feasibility of 7 MHz contrast assisted imaging for detection of smaller vessels, with the goal of detecting angiogenesis in its earliest stages (i.e. for a 1 mm/sup 3/ tumor).
Starting Page	1211
Ending Page	1214
File Size	309050
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780341538
ISSN	10510117
DOI	10.1109/ULTSYM.1997.661796
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1997-10-05
Publisher Place	Canada
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Metastasis Cancer Breast neoplasms Humans Morphology Topology Medical treatment Mammary glands Biomedical engineering Blood flow
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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