NDLI: Grain composition and surface characteristics of musical sand

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Leach, M.F. Goldsack, D.E. Chartrand, H.J.
Copyright Year	1995
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Phys., Laurentian Univ., Sudbury, Ont., Canada (Leach, M.F.)
Abstract	A judicious choice of factors considered essential for producing musical sounds has led to an experimental procedure which creates musical sands from previously silent ones. An analysis of this procedure provides evidence that the composition of the sand grains aid the condition of the grain surfaces play a delicate role. X-ray fluorescence tests have revealed that the best musical sands are primarily quartzitic. Repeated wetting and drying action allows silica to abrade softer feldspars and this forms fine dust which is removed by milling and by renewing the water. It also appears that, as water dries on the grains of sand, the surfaces are coated with an extremely thin film of salts and water in an amorphous silica layer. Preliminary infrared spectroscopic studies of the surface of different types of booming and singing sands are reported. These results lead to the conclusion that the music is generated by the rubbing together of the surfaces of millions of grains of quartz with particular composition and surface characteristics. Knowledge of the musical sand phenomenon may be useful in understanding the mechanics of many other granular system and numerous other processes in geology and technology.
Starting Page	657
Ending Page	659
File Size	175940
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780329406
ISSN	10510117
DOI	10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495658
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1995-11-07
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Silicon compounds Infrared spectra Fluorescence Testing Milling Transistors Amorphous materials Spectroscopy Character generation Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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