NDLI: Current loss in the vacuum section of the refurbished Z accelerator

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Pointon, T.D. Seidel, D.B.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Mail Stop 1152, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA (Pointon, T.D.; Seidel, D.B.)
Abstract	There are two contributing factors to the current loss in the vacuum section of the Z accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories. Early in time, the loss can be accounted for solely by vacuum electron flow effects. Electrons emitted in the four magnetically insulated transmission lines (MITLs) flow into the convolute and are lost to anode surfaces, particularly in magnetic null regions. These losses can be modeled with standard electromagnetic, particle-in-cell (PIC) methods. Results of detailed 3-D PIC simulations are presented, showing good agreement with experiment early in the pulse, over a range of Z shots. However, late in the pulse, the simulations underestimate the observed loss in experiment, sometimes substantially. Electrode plasma effects in the convolute must be responsible for the additional loss. New PIC models to create an electrode plasma layer from first principles, using electron and ion particles, have been developed. It is shown that very small cell sizes (≪ 10 µm) are required to accurately resolve the expansion of electrode plasmas with T ∼ 1 eV, into an anode-cathode gap with megavolts applied across it. Such small cell sizes are prohibitively small for 3-D convolute simulations.
Starting Page	1159
Ending Page	1164
File Size	2338031
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424440641
DOI	10.1109/PPC.2009.5386319
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-06-28
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Acceleration Anodes Plasma simulation Electrons Cathodes Insulation Electrodes Joining processes Plasma diagnostics Computational modeling
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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