NDLI: Ways of delivering tacit knowledge in e-learning

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Hvorecky, J. Simuth, J. Lipovska, A.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	There are two basic types of human knowledge: explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is codified and consists of facts, rules and procedures and its owners are aware of it. Tacit knowledge helps its possessors to use their explicit knowledge. Personal experience, perceptions, insights, aptitudes and know-how that are implied or indicated but not actually expressed - they are hidden in the minds of their owners. Explicit knowledge has no meaning without relevant tacit knowledge; it remains a collection of memorized pieces of mosaic. Good teaching methodologies must develop and enhance both forms of learners' knowledge. In our paper, we study the difference in between their delivery in traditional (on-site) learning and e-learning. We concentrate primarily on tacit knowledge delivery because our long-time e-learning experience shows that there is almost no difference between traditional learning and e-learning in delivering explicit knowledge. The presence or absence of the educator may result in big differences in students' tacit knowledge. E-learning educational methodologies should concentrate on its development. The authors designed and developed a method based on best practices of Knowledge Management, in particular on the Nonaka-Takeuchi SECI model of learning. It combines gaining of both tacit and explicit knowledge during four stages: Socialization, Externalization, Combination, and Internalization. Each of them requires specific teaching activities for its development. Socialization evolves communication with the educator as well as among students; Externalization helps the students to express their knowledge in a legible form. During Combination the students evolve their existing knowledge and share it with their classmates. During Internalization they co-opt their knowledge to make it an integral part of their individual knowledge system. Every e-learning course must demonstrate all of these components - naturally, in different formats depending on the course content and its learning objectives. All courses at our university are delivered in both on-site and online modes. The stepwise development of our on-line methodology allowed us to reach the quality of knowledge of our external students' comparable with that of the students of daily courses. To demonstrate it, we compare the grades of traditional students with their online counterparts from five courses in which tacit knowledge is crucial since none of them can be passed by the mere memorization of facts. Contrary, students must comprehend the content and be able to demonstrate it practically. The exam results show no substantial differences. Lessons learned from our methodology development allow us to make its generalization and recommend those educational activities that lead towards a higher portion and quality of tacit knowledge. As tacit knowledge guide us in applying the explicit one, its presence result in more durable, solid and sustainable knowledge.
Starting Page	523
Ending Page	526
File Size	237734
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
e-ISBN	9781479987078
DOI	10.1109/ICL.2015.7318083
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2015-09-20
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Electronic learning E-learning methodology Innovative teaching strategies Conferences Developing tacit knowledge Knowledge based systems Companies Collaborative work Internet
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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