NDLI: In defense of Nearest-Neighbor based image classification

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Boiman, O. Shechtman, E. Irani, M.
Copyright Year	2008
Description	Author affiliation: Weizmann Inst. of Sci., Rehovot (Boiman, O.)
Abstract	State-of-the-art image classification methods require an intensive learning/training stage (using SVM, Boosting, etc.) In contrast, non-parametric nearest-neighbor (NN) based image classifiers require no training time and have other favorable properties. However, the large performance gap between these two families of approaches rendered NN-based image classifiers useless. We claim that the effectiveness of non-parametric NN-based image classification has been considerably undervalued. We argue that two practices commonly used in image classification methods, have led to the inferior performance of NN-based image classifiers: (i) Quantization of local image descriptors (used to generate "bags-of-words ", codebooks). (ii) Computation of 'image-to-image' distance, instead of 'image-to-class' distance. We propose a trivial NN-based classifier - NBNN, (Naive-Bayes nearest-neighbor), which employs NN- distances in the space of the local image descriptors (and not in the space of images). NBNN computes direct 'image- to-class' distances without descriptor quantization. We further show that under the Naive-Bayes assumption, the theoretically optimal image classifier can be accurately approximated by NBNN. Although NBNN is extremely simple, efficient, and requires no learning/training phase, its performance ranks among the top leading learning-based image classifiers. Empirical comparisons are shown on several challenging databases (Caltech-101 ,Caltech-256 and Graz-01).
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	8
File Size	852398
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424422425
ISSN	10636919
DOI	10.1109/CVPR.2008.4587598
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-06-23
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Image classification Image databases Quantization Support vector machines Support vector machine classification Boosting Neural networks Classification tree analysis Degradation Rendering (computer graphics)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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