NDLI: Resource Allocation in Distributed Mixed-Criticality Cyber-Physical Systems

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Lakshmanan, K. de Niz, D. Rajkumar, R. Moreno, G.
Copyright Year	2010
Description	Author affiliation: Electr. & Comput. Eng., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA (Lakshmanan, K.; Rajkumar, R.) \|\| Software Eng. Inst., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA (de Niz, D.; Moreno, G.)
Abstract	Large-scale distributed cyber-physical systems will have many sensors/actuators (each with local micro-controllers), and a distributed communication/computing backbone with multiple processors. Many cyber-physical applications will be safety critical and in many cases unexpected workload spikes are likely to occur due to unpredictable changes in the physical environment. In the face of such overload scenarios, the desirable property in such systems is that the most critical applications continue to meet their deadlines. In this paper, we capture this mixed-criticality property by developing a formal overload-resilience metric called ductility. The generality of ductility enables it to evaluate any scheduling algorithm from the perspective of mixed-criticality cyber-physical systems. In distributed cyber-physical systems, this ductility is the result of both the task-to-processor packing (a.k.a bin packing) and the uniprocessor scheduling algorithms used. In this paper, we present a ductility-maximization packing algorithm to complement our previous work on mixed-criticality uniprocessor scheduling. Our packing algorithm, known as Compress-on-Overload Packing (COP) is a criticality-aware greedy bin-packing algorithm that maximizes the tolerance of high-criticality tasks to overloads. We compare the ductility of COP against the Worst-Fit Decreasing (WFD) bin-packing heuristic used traditionally for load balancing in distributed systems, and show that the performance of COP dominates WFD in the average case and can reach close to five times better ductility when resources are limited. Finally, we illustrate the practical use of COP in distributed cyber-physical systems using a radar surveillance application, and provide an overview of the entire process from assigning task criticality levels to evaluating its performance
Starting Page	169
Ending Page	178
File Size	281590
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424472611
ISSN	10636927
e-ISBN	9781424472628
DOI	10.1109/ICDCS.2010.91
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-06-21
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Resource management Scheduling algorithm Large-scale systems Sensor systems Actuators Distributed computing Spine Safety Load management Radar applications cyber-physical systems mixed criticality distributed systems radar real time systems
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Software

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