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| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Jooseung Kim Dongsu Kim Yunsung Cho Daehyun Kang Byungjoon Park Kyunghoon Moon Seungbeom Koo Bumman Kim |
| Copyright Year | 2004 |
| Abstract | We present a highly efficient RF transmitter over broad average power range using a multilevel envelope-tracking power amplifier (ML-ET PA). The ML-ET PA delivers enhanced efficiency at a back-off power region for handset applications. The supply modulator consists of a linear regulator and a switching converter. The DC supply of the linear regulator is adjusted according to the average power of the envelope signal, and the power-supply-independent class-AB output stage is employed to avoid the crossover distortion generated by the different DC supply voltages. The switch current level is not optimally adjusted by itself following the power back-off level, because the DC supply voltages of the linear regulator and switching converter are different. For the optimum operation over the entire power region, the switch current level is adjusted by detecting the input envelope voltage level. For a 20-MHz long term evolution signal with a 7.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio, the proposed supply modulator delivers a peak voltage of 4.5 V to a 6.5 Ω load with a measured efficiency of 75.9%. The proposed ET PA delivers a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 40%, gain of 28.8 dB, evolved universal terrestrial radio access adjacent channel leakage ratio of -35.3 dBc, and error vector magnitude of 3.23% at an average output power of 27 dBm and an operating frequency of 1.71-GHz. At a 10 dB back-off point, the PAE is improved from 14.5% to 18.7% compared to the conventional ET PA. |
| Sponsorship | IEEE Circuits and Systems Society |
| Starting Page | 1648 |
| Ending Page | 1657 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Size | 2540835 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 15498328 |
| Volume Number | 62 |
| Issue Number | 6 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2015-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | U.S.A. |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Regulators Modulation Switches Switching converters Voltage control Radio frequency Power generation switching converter Envelope tracking (ET) linear regulator long term evolution (LTE) power amplifier (PA) supply modulator |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hardware and Architecture |
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