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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | Sardar, Haniyyah Goldstein-Piekarski, Andrea N. Giardino, William J. |
| Abstract | Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by chronic and excessive daytime sleepiness, and sudden intrusion of sleep during wakefulness that can fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 narcolepsy in humans is widely believed to be caused as a result of loss of neurons in the brain that contain the key arousal neuropeptide Orexin (Orx; also known as Hypocretin). Patients with type 1 narcolepsy often also present with cataplexy, the sudden paralysis of voluntary muscles which is triggered by strong emotions (e.g., laughter in humans, social play in dogs, chocolate in rodents). The amygdala is a crucial emotion-processing center of the brain, however little is known about the role of the amygdala in sleep/wake and narcolepsy with cataplexy. A collection of reports across human functional neuroimaging analyses and rodent behavioral paradigms point towards the amygdala as a critical node linking emotional regulation to cataplexy. Here, we review the existing evidence suggesting a functional role for the amygdala network in narcolepsy, and build upon a framework that describes relevant contributions from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and the extended amygdala, including the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST). We propose that detailed examinations of amygdala neurocircuitry controlling transitions between emotional arousal states may substantially advance progress in understanding the etiology of narcolepsy with cataplexy, leading to enhanced treatment opportunities. |
| ISSN | 1662453X |
| DOI | 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152594 |
| Volume Number | 17 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2023-04-21 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Cataplexy Non-REM Amygdala Lateral hypothalamus Sleep Wakefulness Rem Narcolepsy BNST Arousal Hypocretin Extended amygdala Bed nucleus of stria terminalis Orexin |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Neuroscience |
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