NDLI: Integrity Management of Ground Movement Hazards

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Volume 3: Operations, Monitoring and Maintenance; Materials and Joining

Volume 1: Pipelines and Facilities Integrity

Failure Along Spiral Welds in Gas Pipeline

Numerical Simulations of Burst of Corroded Pipes With Thermally Induced Compressive Axial Strain

Formulation and Experimental Validation of a New Erosion Flow Model

Applying Corrosion Growth Rates Derived From Repeat ILI Runs to Predict Future Severity

Effect of Crack Depth on Burst Strength of X70 Linepipe With Dent-Crack Defect

Relative Statistical Calibration of ILI Measurements

Assessment of In-Line Inspection Performance and Interpretation of Field Measurements for Characterization of Complex Dents

Findings From an Investigation of Hydrotest Protocols

Experimental Validation of a Finite-Element Model to Simulate an Impact on Pipeline due to Vehicles or Heavy Object Fall

The Development and Use of an Absolute Depth Size Specification in ILI-Based Crack Integrity Management of Pipelines

New Classification Approach for Dents With Metal Loss and Corrosion Along the Seam Weld

Thermal Response of Gas Pipeline Metal to Gas Decompression

Assessing the Benefits of Hydrotests for Pipelines With SCC History Post-Crack Detection ILI Runs

Probabilistic Assessment of Crack Detection ILI Effectiveness for Managing Stress Corrosion Cracking on Buried Pipelines

Susceptibility of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Liquid and Gas Pipelines: A Saudi Aramco Study Using Statistical Approaches

De Facto Hydrostatic Test Pressures: A Study in Double Stroking

Failure Pressure Ratios and Implied Reliability Levels for Corrosion Anomalies on Gas Transmission Pipelines

Pipeline Operator Perspective in Use of Hydrostatic Testing as an Integrity Management Tool

Material Properties and Flaw Characteristics of Vintage Girth Welds

Corrosion Growth and Remnant Life Assessment: How to Pick the Right Approach for Your Pipeline

Non-Linear Corrosion Growth: A More Appropriate and Accurate Model for Predicting Corrosion Growth Rate

Full-Scale Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Testing of an X70 Spiral-Welded Pipe in Near-Neutral pH Soil Environment

Probability-Based Sentencing Criteria for Volumetric In-Line Inspection Data

A Life-Cycle Approach to the Assessment of Pipeline Dents

The Effects of Pressure Fluctuations on Hydrogen Embrittlement in Pipeline Steels

Improvement of Pipeline Fatigue Life Estimation

Evaluation of Fatigue in Gas Pipelines

Development and Implementation of a Risk Based Prioritization Methodology for MAOP Reconfirmation of Gas Transmission Facilities

Development of Key Performance Indicator for Management of Under Deposit Corrosion (UDC)

Integrity of Buried Gas Pipeline Subjected to an Adjacent Pipe Rupture Event

Analysis of Pressure Test Failure Performance for Vintage Pipe

ILI-to-Field Data Comparisons: What Accuracy Can You Expect?

ILI to ILI Comparisons: Quantifying the Impact of Multiple Inspections

Study of a Plastic Strain Limit Damage Criterion for Pipeline Mechanical Damage Using FEA and Full-Scale Denting Tests

Girth Welds Integrity Evaluation on a Vintage Gas Pipeline

Making Integrity Decisions Using Metal Loss ILI Validation Process

A Study of Crack Interaction Criteria

Review of Engineering Fracture Mechanics Model for Pipeline Applications

Estimating J-R Curve From CVN Upper Shelf Energy and its Application

Integrity Assessment of Post-Peak-Moment Wrinkles

Finite Element Modeling and Quantification of Mechanical Damage Severity in Pipelines

A Review of Rules and Analysis Models for Interaction of LF-ERW Manufacturing Linear Features in Pipelines

Determining the Number of Excavations Required to Confirm the Presence or Absence of SCC on a Pipeline Following an SCCDA Process

Risk-Based Mitigation of Mechanical Damage

Reinforcement of Planar Defects in Low-Frequency ERW Long Seams Using Composite Reinforcing Materials

Full-Scale Elevated Temperature Testing of Composite Repairs in Bending and Compression

Finite Element Analysis of Composite Repairs With Full-Scale Validation Testing

Mitigation of Infilling Around Pipelines With Cyclic Lateral Deflections

Pipeline Failures Resulting From Interacting Integrity Threats

Restored Crossings: When and Where to Apply Stream Restoration Techniques to Protect Exposed Pipelines

Finite Element Analysis and Test Verification of Composite Repair Length on Corrosion Defects

Application of Load Sequence to Control Crack Growth in Steel Pipelines Under Near Neutral pH SCC

Identifying and Sizing Axial Seam Weld Flaws in ERW Pipe Seams and SCC in the Pipe Body Using Ultrasonic Imaging

Measuring Critical Strains in Dent Defect of Oil and Gas Pipes

Hydrotesting and In-Line Inspection: Now and in the Future

Circumferential Crack Detection: Challenges, Solutions, and Results

Methodology for Comparing Field Applied Liquid Epoxy and Hot Bituminous Tape Coating Repairs Using Inline Inspection Data

A Different Approach to High Resolution CP Evaluation

Detection of Crack-Related Features Within Dented Pipe Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transduction (EMAT) Technology

Optimized Methods of Recording Pipeline Pressure Fluctuations for Pipeline Integrity Analysis

Pipeline Strain and Vibration Monitoring by Smart Materials

Pipeline In-Line Inspection Enhancement Opportunities

Development of a Magnetic Eddy Current In-Line Inspection Tool

Continuous Depth Sizing of ILI Ultrasonic Crack Detection

Graded EMAT Performance Specification Validated in Blind Test

Shear-Wave Ultrasonic Crack Inspection Tool Performance for Cracks Associated With Metal Loss

Detection of Crack Initiation Based on Repeat In-Line Inspection

Improved Pipeline Integrity Management by Using Multiple ILI Technologies

Identification of Repair Coatings on Pipelines Using In-Line Inspection Technologies

Case Study on Management of a Pipeline Exhibiting Challenging Crack ILI Performance

A Finite Element Procedure to Model the Effect of Hydrostatic Testing on Subsequent Fatigue Crack Growth

Hydrostatic Pressure Testing as Part of an Integrity Management Program: A Case Study

A Study of Crack Detection Ultrasonic Attributes to Manage Leak Threats Associated With Short Crack-Like Flaws in ERW Pipelines

Casing and Inserted Pipe Inspection Program on the San Francisco Peninsula Using Robotic ILI

The Benefits of Accurate ILI Performance on Pipeline Integrity Programs for Axial Crack and Metal Loss Corrosion Threats

Update of Understanding of Near-Neutral pH SCC Crack Growth Mechanisms and Development of Pipe-Online Software for Pipeline Integrity Management

The Use of Hydrotesting and EMAT Inline Inspection Technology for the Integrity Management of Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) in Gas Pipelines

Evaluating Pipeline Ovality Acceptability Criteria for Straight Pipe Sections

Development of the UKOPA Strategy for the Management of Ageing Pipelines

Experimental and Numerical Investigation Into the Behavior of Buried Steel Pipelines Under Strike-Slip Fault Movement

Review of Phase II for the Comprehensive Study to Understand Longitudinal ERW Seam Failures

Development Towards a Novel Approach for Assessment of Corroded Pipe

Full-Bore Pipeline Rupture as ‘Transient Fanno’ Flow

Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) Integrity Management Plans for Onshore Liquid and Gas Pipelines: Saudi Aramco Comprehensive Study

What Do Pipelines and Airplanes Have in Common?

Evaluating Dents With Metal Loss Using Finite Element Analysis

Integrity Management of Ground Movement Hazards

Improved Pipeline Dent Integrity Management

Longitudinal Stress Limits in Managing Spans and Other Longitudinal Loads

Advanced Integrity Management Framework for Pipelines

Retarding Crack Growth by Static Pressure Hold for Pipeline Steel Exposed to a Near-Neutral pH Environment

AIV and FIV in Pipelines, Plants, and Facilities

Rational Stress Limits and Load Factors for Finite Element Analyses in Pipeline Applications: Part III — Elastic-Plastic Load Factor Development

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Integrity Management of Ground Movement Hazards

Content Provider	The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Digital Collection
Author	Wang, Yong-Yi West, Don Dewar, Douglas Mckenzie-Johnson, Alex Sen, Millan
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Ground movements, such as landslides and subsidence/settlement, can pose serious threats to pipeline integrity. The consequence of these incidents can be severe. In the absence of systematic integrity management, preventing and predicting incidents related to ground movements can be difficult. A ground movement management program can reduce the potential of those incidents. Some basic concepts and terms relevant to the management of ground movement hazards are introduced first. A ground movement management program may involve a long segment of a pipeline that may have a threat of failure in unknown locations. Identifying such locations and understanding the potential magnitude of the ground movement is often the starting point of a management program. In other cases, management activities may start after an event is known to have occurred. A sample response process is shown to illustrate key considerations and decision points after the evidence of an event is discovered. Such a process can involve fitness-for-service (FFS) assessment when appropriate information is available. The framework and key elements of FFS assessment are explained, including safety factors on strain capacity. The use of FFS assessment is illustrated through the assessment of tensile failure mode. Assessment models are introduced, including key factors affecting the outcome of an assessment. The unique features of girth welds in vintage pipelines are highlighted because the management of such pipelines is a high priority in North America and perhaps in other parts of the worlds. Common practice and appropriate considerations in a pipeline replacement program in areas of potential ground movement are highlighted. It is advisable to replace pipes with pipes of similar strength and stiffness so the strains can be distributed as broadly as possible. The chemical composition of pipe steels and the mechanical properties of the pipes should be such that the possibility of HAZ softening and weld strength undermatching is minimized. In addition, the benefits and cost of using the workmanship flaw acceptance criteria of API 1104 or equivalent standards in making repair and cutout decisions of vintage pipelines should be evaluated against the possible use of FFS assessment procedures. FFS assessment provides a quantifiable performance target which is not available through the workmanship criteria. However, necessary inputs to perform FFS assessment may not be readily available. Ongoing work intended to address some of the gaps is briefly described.
Sponsorship	Pipeline Division
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9780791850251
DOI	10.1115/IPC2016-64513
Volume Number	Volume 1: Pipelines and Facilities Integrity
Conference Proceedings	2016 11th International Pipeline Conference
Language	English
Publisher Date	2016-09-26
Publisher Place	Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	American petroleum institute Landslides Pipelines Fitness-for-service Mechanical properties Hazards Maintenance Steel Welded joints Stiffness Safety Performance Pipes Acceptance criteria Failure Pipeline integrity Failure mechanisms
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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