NDLI: PM Characteristics of Low NOx Combustor Burning Biodiesel and its Blends With Kerosene

Content Provider	The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Digital Collection
Author	Mohamed, A. Altaher Gordon, E. Andrews Li, Hu
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Particulate matter (PM) emissions from gas turbine engines have increasing attention due to their impact on global climate change, human health and local air quality. Most of the existing data for particle size distribution in aero engines is for diffusion or rich/lean type combustors where the rich zones generate solid nano particle carbon emissions. This work investigates well mixed lean low NOx combustion where mixing is good and generation of solid carbon particulate emissions should be very low. This work investigated the particulate number concentrations and size distributions of exhaust gases emitted from a radial swirler based low NOx gas turbine combustor. The tests were conducted using a radial swirler industrial low NOx gas turbine combustor under atmospheric pressure and 600K at reference Mach number of 0.017 and 0.023. A baseline of natural gas combustion was compared with a waste rape seed cooking oil methyl ester biodiesel (WME), its blend with kerosene B20, B50 and pure kerosene. The particulate emissions were compared as a function of the lean well mixed primary zone equivalence ratio. A SMPS with a Nano-Differential Mobility Analyzer (NDMA) was used to determine the number and concentration and size distribution of aerosols. The results showed that all WME particulates showed unimodal distribution characteristics with peak particle number at around 20nm. Conversion of the number distribution to mass showed very low mass emissions of around 1 mg/kgfuel. Modern low NOx engines such as the Trent 970-84 has carbon mass emissions of 9 mg/kgfuel based on the ICAO FOA-3 procedures. Thus, it is not unreasonable that in much lower NOx combustor designs the solid mass emissions will be lower than in current low NOx engines. Comparison is also made with particulate emissions from a diffusion flame APU gas turbine and much higher particle number emissions were demonstrated.
Sponsorship	International Gas Turbine Institute
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9780791855119
DOI	10.1115/GT2013-95481
Volume Number	Volume 1B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions
Conference Proceedings	ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition
Language	English
Publisher Date	2013-06-03
Publisher Place	San Antonio, Texas, USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Particle size Atmospheric pressure Diffusion flames Combustion Aircraft engines Fuels Engines Exhaust systems Nanoparticles Ester Gas turbines Mach number Mechanical admittance Biodiesel Carbon Diffusion (physics) Emissions Climate change Gases Particulate matter Aerosols Nitrogen oxides Air pollution Combustion chambers Natural gas
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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