NDLI: WCET-aware data selection and allocation for scratchpad memory

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WCET-aware data selection and allocation for scratchpad memory

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Wan, Qing Xue, Jingling Wu, Hui
Abstract	In embedded systems, SPM (scratchpad memory) is an attractive alternative to cache memory due to its lower energy consumption and higher predictability of program execution. This paper studies the problem of placing variables of a program into an SPM such that its WCET (worst-case execution time) is minimized. We propose an efficient dynamic approach that comprises two novel heuristics. The first heuristic iteratively selects a most beneficial variable as an SPM resident candidate based on its impact on the k longest paths of the program. The second heuristic incrementally allocates each SPM resident candidate to the SPM based on graph coloring and acyclic graph orientation. We have evaluated our approach by comparing with an ILP-based approach and a longest-path-based greedy approach using the eight benchmarks selected from Powerstone and Mälardalen WCET Benchmark suites under three different SPM configurations. Our approach achieves up to 21% and 43% improvements in WCET reduction over the ILP-based approach and the greedy approach, respectively.
Starting Page	41
Ending Page	50
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781450312127
DOI	10.1145/2248418.2248425
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2012-06-12
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Acyclic graph orientation Graph coloring Scratchpad memory allocation Worst-case execution time
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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