NDLI: Ontogeny and functions of central nervous system macrophages.

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Antigen signal strength during priming determines effector CD4 T cell function and antigen sensitivity during influenza virus challenge.

Th17 cells demonstrate stable cytokine production in a proallergic environment.

Immune subdominant antigens as vaccine candidates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

A truncated human NKG2D splice isoform negatively regulates NKG2D-mediated function.

Systemic inflammatory response elicited by superantigen destabilizes T regulatory cells, rendering them ineffective during toxic shock syndrome.

Transcriptional profile of tuberculosis antigen-specific T cells reveals novel multifunctional features.

Hypomethylation at the regulatory T cell-specific demethylated region in CD25hi T cells is decoupled from FOXP3 expression at the inflamed site in childhood arthritis.

Cigarette smoke primes the pulmonary environment to IL-1 /CXCR-2-dependent nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-exacerbated neutrophilia in mice.

IFN-Î³ primes macrophage activation by increasing phosphatase and tensin homolog via downregulation of miR-3473b.

Zap70 is essential for long-term survival of naive CD8 T cells.

IFN R signaling in effector but not regulatory T cells is required for immune dysregulation during type I IFN-dependent inflammatory disease.

The immunotherapeutic role of regulatory T cells in Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis infection.

The MHC class II cofactor HLA-DM interacts with Ig in B cells.

Selective phosphorylation of the Dlg1AB variant is critical for TCR-induced p38 activation and induction of proinflammatory cytokines in CD8+ T cells.

Activated CD8+ T cells induce expansion of Vß5+ regulatory T cells via TNFR2 signaling.

The Fli-1 transcription factor regulates the expression of CCL5/RANTES.

Helminth-conditioned dendritic cells prime CD4+ T cells to IL-4 production in vivo.

Thymic epithelium determines a spontaneous chronic neuritis in Icam1(tm1Jcgr)NOD mice.

The role of metalloproteinase ADAM17 in regulating ICOS ligand-mediated humoral immune responses.

Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibition extends cellular lifespan in dendritic cells by preserving mitochondrial function.

Heme oxygenase-1 dysregulates macrophage polarization and the immune response to Helicobacter pylori.

Trafficking of LAG-3 to the surface on activated T cells via its cytoplasmic domain and protein kinase C signaling.

CD11a is essential for normal development of hematopoietic intermediates.

A novel role for histone deacetylase 6 in the regulation of the tolerogenic STAT3/IL-10 pathway in APCs.

Hepatocyte growth factor limits autoimmune neuroinflammation via glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper expression in dendritic cells.

Innate immune cell CD45 regulates lymphopenia-induced T cell proliferation.

Chlamydia trachomatis inhibits inducible NO synthase in human mesenchymal stem cells by stimulating polyamine synthesis.

Peptidoglycan recognition protein 3 and Nod2 synergistically protect mice from dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis.

MyD88 signaling inhibits protective immunity to the gastrointestinal helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus.

The proto-MHC of placozoans, a region specialized in cellular stress and ubiquitination/proteasome pathways.

6-Methoxyflavone inhibits NFAT translocation into the nucleus and suppresses T cell activation.

Prevention of neutrophil extravasation by 2-adrenoceptor-mediated endothelial stabilization.

The natural product phyllanthusmin C enhances IFN-Î³ production by human NK cells through upregulation of TLR-mediated NF-κB signaling.

Secretion and immunogenicity of the meningioma-associated antigen TXNDC16.

Antibody-mediated immune suppression of erythrocyte alloimmunization can occur independently from red cell clearance or epitope masking in a murine model.

The ataxia telangiectasia mutated and cyclin D3 proteins cooperate to help enforce TCRß and IgH allelic exclusion.

Idiotype-specific Th cells support oligoclonal expansion of anti-dsDNA B cells in mice with lupus.

Myeloid-specific disruption of tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 promotes alternative activation of macrophages and predisposes mice to pulmonary fibrosis.

Role of TGF-ß signaling in generation of CD39+CD73+ myeloid cells in tumors.

Release of active TGF-ß1 from the latent TGF-ß1/GARP complex on T regulatory cells is mediated by integrin ß8.

Differences in the transduction of canonical Wnt signals demarcate effector and memory CD8 T cells with distinct recall proliferation capacity.

The N-terminal domain of NLRC5 confers transcriptional activity for MHC class I and II gene expression.

The expression of sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor-1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells is impaired by tumor microenvironmental signals and enhanced by piceatannol and R406.

Concomitant TLR/RLH signaling of radioresistant and radiosensitive cells is essential for protection against vesicular stomatitis virus infection.

Dopamine inhibits the effector functions of activated NK cells via the upregulation of the D5 receptor.

The late endosomal transporter CD222 directs the spatial distribution and activity of Lck.

CD1d(hi)CD5+ B cells expanded by GM-CSF in vivo suppress experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis.

Single-cell analysis of innate cytokine responses to pattern recognition receptor stimulation in children across four continents.

Identification of a novel neutrophil population: proangiogenic granulocytes in second-trimester human decidua.

Pregnancy and malaria exposure are associated with changes in the B cell pool and in plasma eotaxin levels.

Live simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine correlate of protection: local antibody production and concentration on the path of virus entry.

SARS-CoV ORF-9b suppresses innate immunity by targeting mitochondria and the MAVS/TRAF3/TRAF6 signalosome

Live simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine correlate of protection: immune complex-inhibitory Fc receptor interactions that reduce target cell availability.

Ontogeny and functions of central nervous system macrophages.

Aging of the T cell compartment in mice and humans: from no naive expectations to foggy memories.

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Ontogeny and functions of central nervous system macrophages.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Ransohoff, Richard M. Katsumoto, Atsuko Miranda, Aline S. Lu, Haiyan
Description	Author Affiliation: Katsumoto A ( Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195); Lu H ( Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195); Miranda AS ( Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195); Ransohoff RM ( Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195)
Abstract	Microglia, the only nonneuroepithelial cells found in the parenchyma of the CNS, originate during embryogenesis from the yolk sac and enter the CNS quite early (embryonic day 9.5-10 in mice). Thereafter, microglia are maintained independently of any input from the blood and, in particular, do not require hematopoietic stem cells as a source of replacement for senescent cells. Monocytes are hematopoietic cells, derived from bone marrow. The ontogeny of microglia and monocytes is important for understanding CNS pathologies. Microglial functions are distinct from those of blood-derived monocytes, which invade the CNS only under pathological conditions. Recent data reveal that microglia play an important role in managing neuronal cell death, neurogenesis, and synaptic interactions. In this article, we discuss the physiology of microglia and the functions of monocytes in CNS pathology. We address the roles of microglia and monocytes in neurodegenerative diseases as an example of CNS pathology.
ISSN	00221767
e-ISSN	15506606
DOI	10.4049/jimmunol.1400716
Journal	The Journal of Immunology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	193
Language	English
Publisher	The American Association of Immunologists
Publisher Date	2014-09-15
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Central Nervous System Pathology Macrophages Immunology Microglia Neurodegenerative Diseases Animals Apoptosis Cell Communication Cell Differentiation Cell Lineage Cytology Mice Neurogenesis Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s. Discipline Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

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