NDLI: Multiple Hepcidins in a Teleost Fish, Dicentrarchus labrax: Different Hepcidins for Different Roles.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Vieira, Inês Caldas, Carolina Ramos, Miguel F. Neves, João V. Rodrigues, Pedro N. S.
Description	Author Affiliation: Neves JV ( Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal); Caldas C ( Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal); Vieira I ( Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal); Ramos MF ( Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal); Rodrigues PN ( Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal)
Abstract	Teleost fish rely heavily on their innate immunity for an adequate response against pathogens and environmental challenges, with the production of antimicrobial peptides being one of their first lines of defense. Among those is hepcidin, a small cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide that is also the key regulator of iron metabolism. Although most mammals possess a single hepcidin gene, with a dual role in both iron metabolism regulation and antimicrobial response, many teleost fish present multiple copies of hepcidin, most likely because of genome duplications and positive Darwinian selection, suggesting that different hepcidins may perform different functions. To study the roles of hepcidin in teleost fish, we have isolated and characterized several genes in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and evaluated variations in their expression levels in response to different experimental conditions. Although several hepcidin genes were found, after phylogenetic analysis they could be clustered in two groups: hamp1-like, with a single isoform similar to mammalian hepcidins, and hamp2-like, with several isoforms. Under experimental conditions, hamp1 was upregulated in response to iron overload and infection and downregulated during anemia and hypoxic conditions. Hamp2 did not respond to either iron overload or anemia but was highly upregulated during infection and hypoxia. In addition, Hamp2 synthetic peptides exhibited a clear antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains in vitro. In conclusion, teleost fish that present two hepcidin types show a degree of subfunctionalization of its functions, with hamp1 more involved in the regulation of iron metabolism and hamp2 mostly performing an antimicrobial role.
ISSN	00221767
e-ISSN	15506606
Journal	The Journal of Immunology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	195
Language	English
Publisher	The American Association of Immunologists
Publisher Date	2015-09-15
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Bass Immunology Metabolism Hepcidins Genetics Protein Isoforms Amino Acid Sequence Anemia Animals Anti-infective Agents Fish Diseases Gene Expression Regulation Biosynthesis Anoxia Immunity, Innate Molecular Sequence Data Sequence Alignment Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in