| Author |
Liang, Sun Xian Tai, Pham The Okamoto, Rie Kido, Teruhiko Anh, Le Thai Nghi, Tran Ngoc Nakagawa, Hideaki Manh, Ho Dung Nhu, Dang Duc Nishijo, Muneko Maruzeni, Shoko Van Tung, Dao Son, Le Ke Hung, Nguyen Ngoc Honma, Seijiro |
| Description |
Author Affiliation: Manh HD ( Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan); Kido T ( Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan. Electronic address: kido@mhs.mp.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.); Tai PT ( Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.); Okamoto R ( Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan.); Honma S ( Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan.); Liang SX ( Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan.); Anh le T ( Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan.); Maruzeni S ( Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.); Nghi TN ( Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.); Nishijo M ( Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.); Nakagawa H ( Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.); Nhu DD ( School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, 144 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.); Van Tung D ( 10-80 Division, Hanoi Medical University, No. 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam.); Hung NN ( 10-80 Division, Hanoi Medical University, No. 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam.); Son le K ( Environment Administration, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, 67 Nguyen Du Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam.) |
| Abstract |
We determined polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) levels in breast milk of 143 primiparae living around the three most dioxin-contaminated areas of Vietnam. The women sampled lived in the vicinity of former U.S. air bases at Bien Hoa (n=51), Phu Cat (n=23), and Da Nang (n=69), which are known as dioxin hotspots. Breast milk samples from Bien Hoa City, where residents live very close to the air base, showed high levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), with 18% of the samples containing >5 pgTCDD/g lipid. However, Phu Cat residents lived far from the air base and their samples showed lower TCDD levels, with none containing >5 pgTCDD/g lipid. In Da Nang, TCDD levels in mothers from Thanh Khe (close to the air base, n=43) were significantly higher than those in mothers from Son Tra (far from the air base, n=26), but not other PCDD and PCDF (PCDD/F) congeners. Although TCDD levels in Bien Hoa were the highest among these hotspots, levels of other PCDD/F congeners as well as the geometric mean concentration of total PCDD/F level in Bien Hoa (9.3 pg toxic equivalents [TEQ]/g lipid) were significantly lower than the level observed in Phu Cat (14.1 pgTEQ/g lipid), Thanh Khe (14.3 pgTEQ/g lipid), and Son Tra (13.9 pgTEQ/g lipid). Our findings indicated that residents living close to former U.S. air bases were exposed to elevated levels of TCDD, but not of other PCDD/F congeners. |
