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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Gao, Wenkang Li, Ying Tang, Guiqian Zhou, Luxi Zhang, Junke Morino, Yu Yu, Pengfei Sun, Jiaren Sun, Yele Ji, Dongsheng Ge, Baozhu Wang, Yuesi |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Ji D ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jds@mail.iap.ac.cn.); Gao W ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China); Zhang J ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.); Morino Y ( Center for Regional Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.); Zhou L ( Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.); Yu P ( National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA); Li Y ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China); Sun J ( South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China.); Ge B ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.); Tang G ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.); Sun Y ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.); Wang Y ( State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: wys@mail.iap.ac.cn.) |
| Abstract | Understanding the formation of tropospheric ozone (O ) and secondary particulates is essential for controlling secondary pollution in megacities. Intensive observations were conducted to investigate the evolution of O , nitrate (NO ), sulfate (SO ) and oxygenated organic aerosols ((OOAs), a proxy for secondary organic aerosols) and the interactions between O , NO oxidation products (NO ) and OOA in urban Beijing in August 2012. The O concentrations exhibited similar variations at both the urban and urban background sites in Beijing. Regarding the O profile, the O concentrations increased with increasing altitude. The peaks in O on the days exceeding the 1h or 8h O standards (polluted days) were substantially wider than those on normal days. Significant increases in the NO mixing ratio (i.e., NO - NO ) were observed between the morning and early afternoon, which were consistent with the increasing oxidant level. A discernable NO peak was also observed in the morning on the polluted days, and this peak was attributed to vertical mixing and strong photochemical production. In addition, a SO peak at 18:00 was likely caused by a combination of local generation and regional transport. The OOA concentration cycle exhibited two peaks at approximately 10:00 and 19:00. The OOA concentrations were correlated well with SO ([OOA]=0.55×[SO ]+2.1, r =0.69) because they both originated from secondary transformations that were dependent on the ambient oxidization level and relative humidity. However, the slope between OOA and SO was only 0.35, which was smaller than the slope observed for all of the OOA and SO data, when the RH ranged from 40 to 50%. In addition, a photochemical episode was selected for analysis. The results showed that regional transport played an important role in the evolution of the investigated secondary pollutants. The measured OOA and O concentrations were well correlated at the daily scale, whereas the hourly OOA and O concentrations were insignificantly correlated in urban Beijing. The synoptic situation and the differences in the VOC oxidation contributing to O and SOAs may have resulted in the differences among the correlations between OOA and O at different time scale. We calculated OOA production rates using the photochemical age (defined as -log (NO /NO )) in urban plumes. The CO-normalized OOA concentration increased with increasing photochemical age, with production rates ranging from 1.1 to 8.5µgm ppm h for the plume from the NCP. |
| ISSN | 00489697 |
| Journal | Science of The Total Environment |
| Volume Number | 572 |
| e-ISSN | 18791026 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2016-12-01 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Environmental Science |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal Pollution Environmental Engineering |
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