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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Bichinho, Kátia M. Machado, Kelly C. Nunes, Camila R. O. Severo, Flaviana J. R. Santana, Joyce S. Grassi, Marco Tadeu Jardim, Wilson F. Fernandes, Andreia N. Pescara, Igor C. Canela, Maria Cristina Vidal, Cristiane Sodré, Fernando F. Almeida, Fernanda V. |
| Description | Country affiliation: Brazil Author Affiliation: Machado KC ( Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, PO Box 19032, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.); Grassi MT ( Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, PO Box 19032, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: mtgrassi@quimica.ufpr.br.); Vidal C ( Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.); Pescara IC ( Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.); Jardim WF ( Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.); Fernandes AN ( Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, PO Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.); Sodré FF ( Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, PO Box 4478, 70910-000 Brasília, DF, Brazil.); Almeida FV ( Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, PO Box 4478, 70910-000 Brasília, DF, Brazil.); Santana JS ( Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, PO Box 4478, 70910-000 Brasília, DF, Brazil.); Canela MC ( Center of Exact Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Chemical Science, State University of Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.); Nunes CR ( Center of Exact Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Chemical Science, State University of Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.); Bichinho KM ( Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, PO Box 5093, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.); Severo FJ ( Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, PO Box 5093, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.) |
| Abstract | This is the first nationwide survey of emerging contaminants in Brazilian waters. One hundred drinking water samples were investigated in 22 Brazilian state capitals. In addition, seven source water samples from two of the most populous regions of the country were evaluated. Samples were collected from June to September of 2011 and again during the same period in 2012. The study covered emerging contaminants of different classes, including hormones, plasticizers, herbicides, triclosan and caffeine. The analytical method for the determination of the compounds was based on solid-phase extraction followed by analysis via liquid chromatography electrospray triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Caffeine, triclosan, atrazine, phenolphthalein and bisphenol A were found in at least one of the samples collected in the two sampling campaigns. Caffeine and atrazine were the most frequently detected substances in both drinking and source water. Caffeine concentrations in drinking water ranged from 1.8ngL to values above 2.0µgL while source-water concentrations varied from 40ngL to about 19µgL . For atrazine, concentrations were found in the range from 2.0 to 6.0ngL in drinking water and at concentrations of up to 15ngL in source water. The widespread presence of caffeine in samples of treated water is an indication of the presence of domestic sewage in the source water, considering that caffeine is a compound of anthropogenic origin. |
| ISSN | 00489697 |
| Journal | Science of The Total Environment |
| Volume Number | 572 |
| e-ISSN | 18791026 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2016-12-01 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Environmental Science |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal Pollution Environmental Engineering |
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