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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Hoffman, Martin D. Hew-Butler, Tamara Stuempfle, Kristin J. |
| Spatial Coverage | California |
| Description | Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Hoffman MD ( Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655-1200, USA. martin.hoffman@va.gov) |
| Abstract | PURPOSE: This work combines and reanalyzes 5 yr of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) research at 161-km ultramarathons in northern California with primary purposes to define the relationship between postrace blood sodium concentration ([Na]) and change in body weight; to examine the interactions among EAH incidence, ambient temperature, and hydration state; and to explore the effect of hydration status on performance. METHODS: Prerace and postrace body weight and finish time data were obtained on 887 finishers, and postrace [Na] was also obtained on a subset of 669 finishers. RESULTS: EAH incidence was 15.1% overall (range, 4.6%-51.0% by year) and had a significant positive relationship with ambient temperature. Of the runners with EAH, 23.8% were classified as overhydrated (weight change, ≥0), 40.6% were euhydrated (weight change, <0% to -3%), and 35.6% were dehydrated (weight change, <-3%) at the finish. There was a weak significant relationship (r = 0.17, P < 0.0001) between postrace [Na] and change in body weight such that a lower [Na] was more common with increased weight loss. Considering all finishers examined, 18.5% were dehydrated and 34.9% were overhydrated at the finish. There was a weak significant relationship (r = 0.092, P = 0.006) between change in body weight and performance in that faster runners tended to lose more weight. Top finishers varied in body weight change from â ¼1% gain to â ¼6% loss. CONCLUSIONS: EAH incidence can be high in 161-km ultramarathons in northern California. In this environment, EAH is more common with dehydration than overhydration and is more common in hotter ambient temperature conditions. Because weight loss >3% does not seem to have an adverse effect on performance, excessive sodium supplementation and aggressive fluid ingestion beyond the dictates of thirst are ill advised. |
| ISSN | 01959131 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Volume Number | 45 |
| e-ISSN | 15300315 |
| Journal | Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine) |
| Publisher Date | 2013-04-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Dehydration Etiology Hyponatremia Running Physiology Body Water California Humans Physical Endurance Temperature Time Factors Water-electrolyte Imbalance Weight Loss Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Sports Science |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Sports Science |
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