NDLI: Iron and copper catalysis of PCDD/F formation

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Iron and copper catalysis of PCDD/F formation

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Olie, Kees Buekens, Alfons Yang, Jie Liao, Junhong Li, Xiaodong Chen, Tong
Description	Country affiliation: China Author Affiliation: Liao J ( State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.); Buekens A ( Formerly with Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.); Olie K ( University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.); Yang J ( State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.); Chen T ( State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.); Li X ( State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. lixd@zju.edu.cn.)
Abstract	The formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) was explored during de novo tests designed to compare the catalytic activity of copper (II) chloride $(CuCl_{2})$ with that of iron (III) oxide $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$ and to test some synergistic effect between these two catalytic compounds. Both copper chloride $(CuCl_{2})$ and iron oxide $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$ were earlier proposed as catalysts to explain the PCDD/F emissions from, e.g. municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). In addition, haematite $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$ is the main iron ore and could be responsible for the typical iron ore sintering plant fingerprint. A total of nine model fly ash (MFA) samples were prepared by mixing and grinding of sodium chloride (NaCl), activated carbon and a powder matrix of silica $(SiO_{2})$ with the selected metal compound(s). The conditions of these de novo tests were 1 h in duration, 350 °C in a flow of synthetic combustion gas (10 vol.% oxygen in nitrogen). The effect of Fe–Cu catalyst concentration on yield and distribution pattern of PCDD/F was systematically explored; three strongly differing ratios of [Fe]:[Cu] were considered (1:1, 10:1 and 100:1) to study the potential interactions of $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ and $CuCl_{2}$ suggested earlier. The results show some slight rise of PCDD/F formed with raising iron concentration from 0 to 10.1 wt% (no Cu added; 0.1 wt% Cu), as well as strong surging of both amount and average chlorination level of PCDD/F when rising amounts of copper (0 to 1.1 wt%) are introduced. The resulting fingerprints are compared with those from sintering and from MSWI.
ISSN	09441344
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	23
e-ISSN	16147499
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2016-02-01
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Benzofurans Chemistry Copper Ferric Compounds Analogs & Derivatives Catalysis Coal Ash Dioxins Incineration Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Environmental Science Discipline Environmental Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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