NDLI: An Atypical psbA Gene Encodes a Sentinel D1 Protein to Form a Physiologically Relevant Inactive Photosystem II Complex in Cyanobacteria

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An Atypical psbA Gene Encodes a Sentinel D1 Protein to Form a Physiologically Relevant Inactive Photosystem II Complex in Cyanobacteria

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An Atypical psbA Gene Encodes a Sentinel D1 Protein to Form a Physiologically Relevant Inactive Photosystem II Complex in Cyanobacteria

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Wegener, Kimberly M. Pakrasi, Himadri B. Nagarajan, Aparna
Description	Author Affiliation: Wegener KM ( From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.); Nagarajan A ( From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.); Pakrasi HB ( From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 pakrasi@wustl.edu.)
Abstract	Photosystem II, a large membrane-bound enzyme complex in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, mediates light-induced oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. The D1 protein of PSII, encoded by the psbA gene, provides multiple ligands for cofactors crucial to this enzymatic reaction. Cyanobacteria contain multiple psbA genes that respond to various physiological cues and environmental factors. Certain unicellular cyanobacterial cells, such as Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142, are capable of nitrogen fixation, a highly oxygen-sensitive process, by separating oxygen evolution from nitrogen fixation using a day-night cycle. We have shown that c-psbA4, one of the five psbA orthologs in this cyanobacterium, is exclusively expressed during nighttime. Remarkably, the corresponding D1 isoform has replacements of a number of amino acids that are essential ligands for the catalytic Mn4CaO5 metal center for water oxidation by PSII. At least 30 cyanobacterial strains, most of which are known to have nitrogen fixing abilities, have similar psbA orthologs. We expressed the c-psbA4 gene from Cyanothece 51142 in a 4E-3 mutant strain of the model non-nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, which lacks any psbA gene. The resultant strain could not grow photoautotrophically. Moreover, these Synechocystis 6803 cells were incapable of PSII-mediated oxygen evolution. Based on our findings, we have named this physiologically relevant, unusual D1 isoform sentinel D1. Sentinel D1 represents a new class of D1 protein that, when incorporated in a PSII complex, ensures that PSII cannot mediate water oxidation, thus allowing oxygen-sensitive processes such as nitrogen fixation to occur in cyanobacterial cells.
ISSN	00219258
e-ISSN	1083351X
Journal	Journal of Biological Chemistry
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	290
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (United States)
Publisher Date	2015-02-06
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cyanothece Metabolism Photosynthesis Photosystem II Protein Complex Amino Acid Sequence Chemistry Genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Molecular Sequence Data Nitrogen Fixation Photoperiod Protein Isoforms Synechocystis Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Biochemistry Molecular Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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