| Content Provider |
World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
| Author |
Rejzek, Martin Field, Robert A. Limpaseni, Tipaporn O'neill, Ellis C. Tantanarat, Krit Latousakis, Dimitrios Nepogodiev, Sergey A. Donaldson, Matthew I. Stevenson, Clare E. M. Lawson, David M. |
| Description |
Author Affiliation: O'Neill EC ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Stevenson CE ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Tantanarat K ( the Starch and Cyclodextrin Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.); Latousakis D ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Donaldson MI ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Rejzek M ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Nepogodiev SA ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Limpaseni T ( the Starch and Cyclodextrin Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.); Field RA ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and.); Lawson DM ( From the Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom and david.lawson@jic.ac.uk.) |
| Abstract |
The degradation of transitory starch in the chloroplast to provide fuel for the plant during the night requires a suite of enzymes that generate a series of short chain linear glucans. However, glucans of less than four glucose units are no longer substrates for these enzymes, whereas export from the plastid is only possible in the form of either maltose or glucose. In order to make use of maltotriose, which would otherwise accumulate, disproportionating enzyme 1 (DPE1; a 4-α-glucanotransferase) converts two molecules of maltotriose to a molecule of maltopentaose, which can now be acted on by the degradative enzymes, and one molecule of glucose that can be exported. We have determined the structure of the Arabidopsis plastidial DPE1 (AtDPE1), and, through ligand soaking experiments, we have trapped the enzyme in a variety of conformational states. AtDPE1 forms a homodimer with a deep, long, and open-ended active site canyon contained within each subunit. The canyon is divided into donor and acceptor sites with the catalytic residues at their junction; a number of loops around the active site adopt different conformations dependent on the occupancy of these sites. The “gate” is the most dynamic loop and appears to play a role in substrate capture, in particular in the binding of the acceptor molecule. Subtle changes in the configuration of the active site residues may prevent undesirable reactions or abortive hydrolysis of the covalently bound enzyme-substrate intermediate. Together, these observations allow us to delineate the complete AtDPE1 disproportionation cycle in structural terms. |
| ISSN |
00219258 |
| e-ISSN |
1083351X |
| Journal |
Journal of Biological Chemistry |
| Issue Number |
50 |
| Volume Number |
290 |
| Language |
English |
| Publisher |
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (United States) |
| Publisher Date |
2015-12-11 |
| Publisher Place |
United States |
| Access Restriction |
Open |
| Subject Keyword |
Arabidopsis Enzymology Enzymes Metabolism Plastids Polysaccharides Amino Acid Sequence Crystallography, X-Ray Chemistry Molecular Sequence Data Protein Conformation Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Biochemistry Molecular Biology |
| Content Type |
Text |
| Resource Type |
Article |
| Subject |
Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology |
