NDLI: Darwin's finches: population variation and natural selection.

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Darwin's finches: population variation and natural selection.

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Darwin's finches: population variation and natural selection.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Abbott, I. J. Abbott, L. K. Grant, P. R. Grant, B. R. Smith, J. N.
Spatial Coverage	Ecuador
Abstract	Van Valen's model, which relates morphological variation to ecological variation in an adaptive scheme, was investigated with individually marked and measured Darwin's finches on two adjacent Galápagos islands, Santa Cruz and Daphne Major. Results show that environmental heterogeneity is correlated with large continuous, morphological variation: variation in bill dimensions of Geospiza fortis is greater on Santa Cruz than on Daphne, as is environmental heterogeneity. Within populations of this species, different phenotypes distribute themselves in different habitat patches, select foods of different sizes and hardness, and exploit them with efficiencies that are phenotype- (bill size) dependent. These data constitute indirect evidence that natural selection has a controlling influence over the level of phenotypic variation exhibited by a population. Further evidence is that phenotypes did not survive equally well during the study period; on Daphne island G. fortis was apparently subjected to directional selection on bill tip length and G. scandens to normalizing selection on body weight and bill depth. Other factors which may have contributed to the establishment of a difference in variation between Santa Cruz and Daphne populations are the founder effect, genetic drift, and assortative mating. Annual climatic unpredictability is considered a source of environmental heterogeneity which, through its effect upon food supply, favors large morphological variation. It is predicted that species of large individual size are more influenced by this than are small species, and consequently exhibit greater size-corrected variation. The prediction is tested with data from six Geospiza species, and found to be correct.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	73
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1976-04-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biological Evolution Anatomy & Histology Genetic Variation Adaptation, Biological Animals Ecuador Genetics, Population Phenotype Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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