NDLI: Hydrophobic effect in protein folding and other noncovalent processes involving proteins.

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Localization of virus-specific and group-specific epitopes of plant potyviruses by systematic immunochemical analysis of overlapping peptide fragments.

Interleukin 6 induces a liver-specific nuclear protein that binds to the promoter of acute-phase genes.

Isolation of an inhibitory insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein from bone cell-conditioned medium: a potential local regulator of IGF action.

Extension of mismatched 3' termini of DNA is a major determinant of the infidelity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase.

Determination of an epitope of the diffuse systemic sclerosis marker antigen DNA topoisomerase I: sequence similarity with retroviral p30gag protein suggests a possible cause for autoimmunity in systemic sclerosis.

Direct visualization and cellular localization of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in rat forebrain by use of fluorescent ligands.

Isolation of a cDNA encoding a murine UDPgalactose:beta-D-galactosyl- 1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase: expression cloning by gene transfer.

Coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor) Washington D.C.: inactive factor XIIa results from Cys-571----Ser substitution.

Short-range genetic structure of Drosophila melanogaster populations in an Afrotropical urban area and its significance.

Concordant evolution of coding and noncoding regions of DNA made possible by the universal rule of TA/CG deficiency-TG/CT excess.

Definition of a population of CD4-8- T cells that express the alpha beta T-cell receptor and respond to interleukins 2, 3, and 4.

Homologous recombination in hybridoma cells: heavy chain chimeric antibody produced by gene targeting.

An immunoregulatory function for the CD8 molecule.

Antitumor activity in mice of an immunotoxin made with anti-transferrin receptor and a recombinant form of Pseudomonas exotoxin.

Isolation of cDNAs encoding a human protein that binds selectively to DNA modified by the anticancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)

Cloning and expression of the cDNA for the murine interferon gamma receptor.

T-cell receptor-CD4 physical association in a murine T-cell hybridoma: induction by antigen receptor ligation.

Localization of the mRNA for the dopamine D2 receptor in the rat brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry.

The mRNA encoding a high-affinity cAMP phosphodiesterase is regulated by hormones and cAMP.

Human 72-kilodalton type IV collagenase forms a complex with a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases designated TIMP-2.

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) binding promotes physical association of PDGF receptor with phospholipase C.

In vivo synthesis of adenylylated bis(5'-nucleosidyl) tetraphosphates (Ap4N) by Escherichia coli aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

H-2RIIBP, a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that binds to both the regulatory element of major histocompatibility class I genes and the estrogen response element.

Cell proteins bind to multiple sites within the 5' untranslated region of poliovirus RNA.

Independent expression of human alpha or beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor cDNAs in a naive hematopoietic cell leads to functional coupling with mitogenic and chemotactic signaling pathways.

Transcription terminates near the poly(A) site in the CYC1 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Pertussis holotoxoid formed in vitro with a genetically deactivated S1 subunit.

'Activated'-RecA protein affinity chromatography of LexA repressor and other SOS-regulated proteins.

Isoproterenol stimulates phosphorylation of the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter in rat adipocytes.

Direct observations of ligand dynamics in hemoglobin by subpicosecond infrared spectroscopy.

Detection and mapping of spliced RNA from a human hepatoma cell line transfected with the hepatitis B virus genome.

Translocation of proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane, but not into the outer membrane, requires nucleoside triphosphates in the matrix.

AbrB, a regulator of gene expression in Bacillus, interacts with the transcription initiation regions of a sporulation gene and an antibiotic biosynthesis gene.

High-frequency T-DNA-mediated gene tagging in plants.

Inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II by arachidonic acid and its metabolites.

Subunits of purified calcium channels: a 212-kDa form of alpha 1 and partial amino acid sequence of a phosphorylation site of an independent beta subunit.

Crystal structure of the Glu-239----Gln mutant of aspartate carbamoyltransferase at 3.1-A resolution: an intermediate quaternary structure.

Glutamic acid-113 serves as the retinylidene Schiff base counterion in bovine rhodopsin.

Lineage-restricted expression of homeobox-containing genes in human hematopoietic cell lines.

Isolation and characterization of a 60-residue intestinal peptide structurally related to the pancreatic secretory type of trypsin inhibitor: influence on insulin secretion.

Functional comparison of the Rev trans-activators encoded by different primate immunodeficiency virus species.

Hydrophobic packing in T4 lysozyme probed by cavity-filling mutants.

Extent of N-terminal methionine excision from Escherichia coli proteins is governed by the side-chain length of the penultimate amino acid.

Transformation stimulates glucose transporter gene expression in the absence of protein kinase C.

Energy coupling to periplasmic binding protein-dependent transport systems: stoichiometry of ATP hydrolysis during transport in vivo.

Higher-order structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromatin.

Effect of 3' flanking neighbors on kinetics of pairing of dCTP or dTTP opposite O6-methylguanine in a defined primed oligonucleotide when Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I is used.

Escherichia coli carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase: domains of glutaminase and synthetase subunit interaction.

p21ras is modified by a farnesyl isoprenoid.

Structure and activity of the sevenless protein: a protein tyrosine kinase receptor required for photoreceptor development in Drosophila.

Salt taxis in Escherichia coli bacteria and its lack in mutants.

Homology analysis of the protein sequences of fatty acid synthases from chicken liver, rat mammary gland, and yeast.

Copper and the ACE1 regulatory protein reversibly induce yeast metallothionein gene transcription in a mouse extract.

Isolation of mouse CD44 cDNA: structural features are distinct from the primate cDNA.

Selective loss of cholinergic neurons in the ventral striatum of patients with Alzheimer disease.

Olfactory marker protein gene: its structure and olfactory neuron-specific expression in transgenic mice.

One-way analysis of variance with unequal variances.

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase from the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni.

Structural mimicry of adenosine by the antitumor agents 4-methoxy- and 4-amino-8-(beta-D-ribofuranosylamino)pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine as viewed by a molecular modeling method.

Hybrid cytochromes P-450 identify a substrate binding domain in P-450IIC5 and P-450IIC4.

Gamma-monomethyl phosphate: a cap structure in spliceosomal U6 small nuclear RNA.

Protease nexin-1, an antithrombin with neurite outgrowth activity, is reduced in Alzheimer disease.

Evidence for monomeric and oligomeric hormone-binding domains in affinity-purified gonadotropin receptor from rat ovary.

Hydrophobic effect in protein folding and other noncovalent processes involving proteins.

Changing activity of ribonuclease A during adsorption: a molecular explanation.

Evidence that the glucose transporter serves as a water channel in J774 macrophages.

Expression in transgenic plants of a viral gene product that mediates insect transmission of potyviruses.

Prostaglandins with antiproliferative activity induce the synthesis of a heat shock protein in human cells.

Role of platelets in smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration after vascular injury in rat carotid artery.

Tumor necrosis factor induces phosphorylation of a 28-kDa mRNA cap-binding protein in human cervical carcinoma cells.

Specific binding of angiogenin to calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells.

Transcriptional regulatory regions of testis-specific PGK2 defined in transgenic mice.

Vectorial expansion of the involucrin gene and the relatedness of the hominoids.

Male-enhanced antigen gene is phylogenetically conserved and expressed at late stages of spermatogenesis.

A nuclear protein associated with human cancer cells binds preferentially to a human repetitive DNA sequence.

Molecular studies of deletions at the human steroid sulfatase locus.

Construction and screening of a genomic library specific for mouse chromosome 16.

Transformation of Tetrahymena thermophila with a mutated circular ribosomal DNA plasmid vector.

Inhibition of allorecognition by an H-2Kb-derived peptide is evidence for a T-cell binding region on a major histocompatibility complex molecule.

The same 50-kDa cellular protein binds to the negative regulatory elements of the interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain gene and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.

Inhibition of the replication of hepatitis B virus by the carbocyclic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.

Nerve growth factor mRNA and protein increase in hypothalamus in a mouse model of aggression.

Isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from the brain may constitute a special group of the AIDS virus.

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Specific photoaffinity labeling of two plasma membrane polypeptides with an azido auxin.

Phytochrome induces changes in the immunodetectable level of a wall peroxidase that precede growth changes in maize seedlings.

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Hydrophobic effect in protein folding and other noncovalent processes involving proteins.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Spolar, R. S. Record, M. T. Ha, J. H.
Description	Author Affiliation: Spolar RS ( Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.);
Abstract	Large negative standard heat capacity changes (delta CP degree much less than 0) are the hallmark of processes that remove nonpolar surface from water, including the transfer of nonpolar solutes from water to a nonaqueous phase and the folding, aggregation/association, and ligand-binding reactions of proteins [Sturtevant, J. M. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 2236-2240]. More recently, Baldwin [Baldwin, R. L. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 8069-8072] proposed that the delta CP degree of protein folding could be used to quantify the contribution of the burial of nonpolar surface (the hydrophobic effect) to the stability of a globular protein. We demonstrate that identical correlations between the delta CP degree and the change in water-accessible nonpolar surface area (delta Anp) are obtained for both the transfer of nonpolar solutes from water to the pure liquid phase and the folding of small globular proteins: delta CP degree/delta Anp = -(0.28 +/- 0.05) (where delta Anp is expressed in A2 and delta CP degree is expressed in cal.mol-1.K-1; 1 cal = 4.184 J). The fact that these correlations are identical validates the proposals by both Sturtevant and Baldwin that the hydrophobic effect is in general the dominant contributor to delta CP degree and provides a straightforward means of estimating the contribution of the hydrophobic driving force (delta Ghyd degree) to the standard free energy change of a noncovalent process characterized by a large negative delta CP degree in the physiological temperature range: delta Ghyd degree congruent to (80 +/- 10)delta CP degree.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	21
Volume Number	86
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1989-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Protein Conformation Proteins Calorimetry Hydrocarbons Solvents Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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