NDLI: On measuring the third dimension of cultured endothelial cells in shear flow.

Please wait, while we are loading the content...

Year: 2017 Volume: 114

Year: 2016 Volume: 113

Year: 2015 Volume: 112

Year: 2014 Volume: 111

Year: 2013 Volume: 110

Year: 2012 Volume: 109

Year: 2011 Volume: 108

Year: 2010 Volume: 107

Year: 2009 Volume: 106

Year: 2008 Volume: 105

Year: 2007 Volume: 104

Year: 2006 Volume: 103

Year: 2005 Volume: 102

Year: 2004 Volume: 101

Year: 2003 Volume: 100

Year: 2002 Volume: 99

Year: 2001 Volume: 98

Year: 2000 Volume: 97

Year: 1999 Volume: 96

Year: 1998 Volume: 95

Year: 1997 Volume: 94

Year: 1996 Volume: 93

Year: 1995 Volume: 92

Year: 1994 Volume: 91

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 26

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 26 Suppl

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 25

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 24

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 23

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 22

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 21

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 20

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 19

Eastern Pacific molluscan provinces and latitudinal diversity gradient: no evidence for 'Rapoport's rule'.

Convenient separation of high-purity C60 from crude fullerene extract by selective complexation with AlCl3.

P-selectin induces the expression of tissue factor on monocytes.

Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulates dihydropyridine effects on L-type Ca2+ channels, cytosolic Ca2+, and contraction in adult rat cardiac myocytes.

Integrin alpha v beta 3 rescues melanoma cells from apoptosis in three-dimensional dermal collagen.

Activated Ki-Ras complements erythropoietin signaling in CTLL-2 cells, inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of a 160-kDa protein.

Heteromeric olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channels: a subunit that confers increased sensitivity to cAMP.

Direct observation of substance P-induced internalization of neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors at sites of inflammation.

Regulation of collecting duct water channel expression by vasopressin in Brattleboro rat.

An in vitro polysome display system for identifying ligands from very large peptide libraries.

Phosphatase inhibitors activate normal and defective CFTR chloride channels.

The pleckstrin homology domain of Bruton tyrosine kinase interacts with protein kinase C.

The human multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP is a plasma membrane drug-efflux pump.

Genetic variation detected by quantitative analysis of end-labeled genomic DNA fragments.

Two yeast genes with similarity to TCP-1 are required for microtubule and actin function in vivo.

A yeast TCP-1-like protein is required for actin function in vivo.

Serial transmission in rodents of neurodegeneration from transgenic mice expressing mutant prion protein.

De novo design of beta-sheet proteins.

The development of mitochondrial medicine.

Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in human evolution and disease.

Betadoublet: de novo design, synthesis, and characterization of a beta-sandwich protein.

Photolabile precursors of glutamate: synthesis, photochemical properties, and activation of glutamate receptors on a microsecond time scale.

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha is sufficient to initiate the 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation program.

Regulation of scallop myosin by the regulatory light chain depends on a single glycine residue.

Genetic changes in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) type II receptor gene in human gastric cancer cells: correlation with sensitivity to growth inhibition by TGF-beta.

Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor mRNA expression in the rat brain and pituitary.

On measuring the third dimension of cultured endothelial cells in shear flow.

The recovery of photosynthesis from low-temperature photoinhibition is accelerated by the unsaturation of membrane lipids: a mechanism of chilling tolerance.

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from plants infected with turnip crinkle virus can transcribe (+)- and (-)-strands of virus-associated RNAs.

Identification of a human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that mediates the E6-AP-dependent ubiquitination of p53.

An efficient and flexible system for construction of adenovirus vectors with insertions or deletions in early regions 1 and 3.

Receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has a central role in vessel wall interactions and gene activation in response to circulating AGE proteins.

Murine oligodendroglial cells express nerve growth factor.

Development of cancer cachexia-like syndrome and adrenal tumors in inhibin-deficient mice.

Cellular signaling by an agonist-activated receptor/Gs alpha fusion protein.

Cloning and characterization of a maize pollen-specific calcium-dependent calmodulin-independent protein kinase.

Kinetic intermediates in the reactions between peptides and proteins of major histocompatibility complex class II.

Induction of structural changes in the bovine papillomavirus type 1 origin of replication by the viral E1 and E2 proteins.

The structure of a complex of hexameric insulin and 4'-hydroxyacetanilide.

Stringent sequence requirements for the formation of human telomeres.

A murine model for B-lymphocyte somatic cell gene therapy.

Synergy in the spectral tuning of retinal pigments: complete accounting of the opsin shift in bacteriorhodopsin.

Interaction between the aphid transmission factor and virus particles is a part of the molecular mechanism of cauliflower mosaic virus aphid transmission.

The bovine papillomavirus E2 protein modulates the assembly of but is not stably maintained in a replication-competent multimeric E1-replication origin complex.

Gene trees and hominoid phylogeny.

A mismatch recognition defect in colon carcinoma confers DNA microsatellite instability and a mutator phenotype.

BCL2 translocation frequency rises with age in humans.

Adeno-associated virus vectors preferentially transduce cells in S phase.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases the electrical activity of pars compacta dopamine neurons in vivo.

An ethylene-responsive enhancer element is involved in the senescence-related expression of the carnation glutathione-S-transferase (GST1) gene.

Antizyme protects against abnormal accumulation and toxicity of polyamines in ornithine decarboxylase-overproducing cells.

Subcellular localization of the UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-mediated O-glycosylation reaction in the submaxillary gland.

Relief of p53-mediated transcriptional repression by the adenovirus E1B 19-kDa protein or the cellular Bcl-2 protein.

Monoclonal antibody-superantigen fusion proteins: tumor-specific agents for T-cell-based tumor therapy.

Cyanotriphenylborate: subtype-specific blocker of glycine receptor chloride channels.

Isolation of phytoalexin-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and characterization of their interactions with bacterial pathogens.

Constitutive activation of Mek1 by mutation of serine phosphorylation sites.

A targeted chain-termination mutation in the mouse Apc gene results in multiple intestinal tumors.

Specific sequences from the carboxyl terminus of human p53 gene product form anti-parallel tetramers in solution.

Preproenkephalin promoter yields region-specific and long-term expression in adult brain after direct in vivo gene transfer via a defective herpes simplex viral vector.

Early myeloid cell-specific expression of the human cathepsin G gene in transgenic mice.

Specific inhibition of herpes virus replication by receptor-mediated entry of an antiviral peptide linked to Escherichia coli enterotoxin B subunit.

Femtosecond photodichroism studies of isolated photosystem II reaction centers.

Long-term culture and functional characterization of follicular cells from adult normal human thyroids.

Transcriptional regulation of basic fibroblast growth factor gene by p53 in human glioblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

A lag in intracellular degradation of mutant alpha 1-antitrypsin correlates with the liver disease phenotype in homozygous PiZZ alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Computation with chaos: a paradigm for cortical activity.

The cellular retinoic acid binding protein I is dispensable.

Evidence for multiple adaptive peaks from populations of bacteria evolving in a structured habitat.

A transposable element can drive the concerted evolution of tandemly repetitious DNA.

DNA polymerase delta is required for base excision repair of DNA methylation damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Binding of soluble natural ligands to a soluble human T-cell receptor fragment produced in Escherichia coli.

Genomic organization and structure of Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase: localization of mutations associated with varied clinical presentations and course in X chromosome-linked agammaglobulinemia.

Expression of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein and assembly of pseudovirus particles in Escherichia coli.

Transgenic engineering of neuromuscular junctions in Xenopus laevis embryos transiently overexpressing key cholinergic proteins.

Intravenous administration of a transferrin receptor antibody-nerve growth factor conjugate prevents the degeneration of cholinergic striatal neurons in a model of Huntington disease.

Genomic structure analysis of promoter sequence of a mouse mu opioid receptor gene.

Regulation of receptor internalization by the major histocompatibility complex class I molecule.

Creatine kinase (CK) in skeletal muscle energy metabolism: a study of mouse mutants with graded reduction in muscle CK expression.

Involvement of the C-terminal residues of the 20,000-dalton light chain of myosin on the regulation of smooth muscle actomyosin.

Enhancer 1 binding factor (E1BF), a Ku-related protein, is a growth-regulated RNA polymerase I transcription factor: association of a repressor activity with purified E1BF from serum-deprived cells.

The transcription factor TFIIS zinc ribbon dipeptide Asp-Glu is critical for stimulation of elongation and RNA cleavage by RNA polymerase II.

Direct isolation of genes encoded within a homogeneously staining region by chromosome microdissection.

Gastric carcinoma: monoclonal epithelial malignant cells expressing Epstein-Barr virus latent infection protein.

BY55 monoclonal antibody delineates within human cord blood and bone marrow lymphocytes distinct cell subsets mediating cytotoxic activity.

Protein farnesyltransferase inhibitors block the growth of ras-dependent tumors in nude mice.

Human T-cell-mediated destruction of allogeneic dermal microvessels in a severe combined immunodeficient mouse.

Transgenic mice overexpressing phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Evidence that the vectorial competence of phlebotomine sand flies for different species of Leishmania is controlled by structural polymorphisms in the surface lipophosphoglycan.

Involvement of microtubules in the link between cell volume and pH of acidic cellular compartments in rat and human hepatocytes.

Identification of soluble forms of the fibroblast growth factor receptor in blood.

Microglia in invertebrate ganglia.

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase alpha is required for DNA synthesis induced by some, but not all, growth factors.

Mapping of the C5a receptor signal transduction network in human neutrophils.

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 18

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 17

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 16

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 15

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 14

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 13

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 12

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 11

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 10

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 9

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 8

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 7

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 6

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 5

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 4

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 3

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 2

Year: 1994 Volume: 91 Issue: 1

Impact melting of frozen oceans on the early Earth: Implications for the origin of life

Year: 1993 Volume: 90

Year: 1992 Volume: 89

Year: 1991 Volume: 88

Year: 1990 Volume: 87

Year: 1989 Volume: 86

Year: 1988 Volume: 85

Year: 1987 Volume: 84

Year: 1986 Volume: 83

Year: 1985 Volume: 82

Year: 1984 Volume: 81

Year: 1983 Volume: 80

Year: 1982 Volume: 79

Year: 1981 Volume: 78

Year: 1980 Volume: 77

Year: 1979 Volume: 76

Year: 1978 Volume: 75

Year: 1977 Volume: 74

Year: 1976 Volume: 73

Year: 1975 Volume: 72

Year: 1974 Volume: 71

Year: 1973 Volume: 70

Year: 1972 Volume: 69

Year: 1971 Volume: 68

Year: 1970 Volume: 67

Year: 1970 Volume: 66

Year: 1970 Volume: 65

Year: 1969 Volume: 64

Year: 1969 Volume: 63

Year: 1969 Volume: 62

Year: 1968 Volume: 61

Year: 1968 Volume: 60

Year: 1968 Volume: 59

Year: 1967 Volume: 58

Year: 1967 Volume: 57

Year: 1966 Volume: 56

Year: 1966 Volume: 55

On measuring the third dimension of cultured endothelial cells in shear flow.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Yen, M. Fung, Y. C. Liu, S. Q.
Description	Author Affiliation: Liu SQ ( Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0412.);
Abstract	The stress in the endothelial cells induced by blood flow depends on the waviness of the blood-endothelium interface and the slopes at the junctions of neighboring cells in the direction of flow. The height and slope in the third dimension of the living endothelial cells cannot be measured by ordinary optical and electron microscopy. Here we show that interference microscopy meets the challenge. We measured the geometry of cultured confluent human vascular endothelial cells in a flow, and we found that in a normal section parallel to the flow, the absolute values of the surface slopes at the cell junctions were 0.70 +/- 0.02 (SE) and 0.80 +/- 0.02 (SE) at the leading and trailing edges of the cells, respectively, in a culture medium of osmolarity 310 mosM with a shear stress of approximately 1 N/m2. A reversal of the flow direction led to a reversal of the slope pattern. An increase in medium osmolarity above 310 mosM induced an initial decrease in the slopes followed by a return to normal, whereas a decrease in the osmolarity had a reversed effect. These results, in light of our previous theoretical analyses, show that tensile stress exists in the endothelial cell membrane, and that the mechanism of tension accumulation is a reality. The accumulation is not 100% because the membranes are not smooth at the cell junctions.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	19
Volume Number	91
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1994-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Endothelium, Vascular Physiology Blood Viscosity Cell Line Cell Membrane Cell Size Cells, Cultured Cytology In Vitro Techniques Microscopy, Interference Osmolar Concentration Rheology Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Central Library (ISO-9001:2015 Certified)
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Kharagpur, West Bengal, India | PIN - 721302

See location in the Map
03222 282435
Mail: support@ndl.gov.in

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in