NDLI: High alpha-tomatine content in ripe fruit of Andean Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme: developmental and genetic aspects.

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High alpha-tomatine content in ripe fruit of Andean Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme: developmental and genetic aspects.

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High alpha-tomatine content in ripe fruit of Andean Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme: developmental and genetic aspects.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Uhlig, J. W. Jones, A. D. Rick, C. M.
Spatial Coverage	Peru
Description	Author Affiliation: Rick CM ( Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis 95616.);
Abstract	A variant of Lycopersion esculentum var. cerasiforme is described that deviates from the typical form of the entire species, including cultivated tomatoes, in possessing high levels (500-5000 micrograms/g of dry weight) of the steroidal alkaloid alpha-tomatine in its ripe fruits. This biotype is restricted to a tiny enclave in the valley of Río Mayo, Department San Martín, Peru. Among 88 accessions of var. cerasiforme from its present distribution in the Andes, a 90% association was found between high tomatine and bitter flavor; within the Mayo watershed, all samples from the upper drainage had bitterness and high tomatine; the frequency of both traits decreased to low levels toward the lower end. Tomatine therefore probably is the source of bitterness. Throughout L. esculentum tomatine is present at very high concentrations in earliest stages of fruit development, thereafter decreasing rapidly to midperiod, and finally diminishing gradually to near zero at maturity as a result of catabolism to biologically inert compounds, except in the variant described here. High tomatine content does not appear to affect adversely either the natives, among whom the bitter types are popular, or individuals who sampled them in this survey. Genetic determination of high tomatine in ripe fruits is totally recessive and appears to be monogenic with interaction with genes of minor effect. The prevailing pattern of glycoalkaloid synthesis and degradation in development of solanaceous fruits suggests a mechanism to protect against predation prior to ripening but to permit it afterward as a device to promote dispersal. In consideration of the nondegradative nature of the variant, its genetic determination, and very restricted geographic distribution, mutation to this form appears to be a random event of doubtful evolutionary significance.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	26
Volume Number	91
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1994-01-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Lycopersicon Esculentum Chemistry Tomatine Chromatography, Gas Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Genetics, Population Geography Genetics Physiology Time Factors Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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