NDLI: Demonstration of mechanical connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nucleoplasm that stabilize nuclear structure.

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Demonstration of mechanical connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nucleoplasm that stabilize nuclear structure.

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Demonstration of mechanical connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nucleoplasm that stabilize nuclear structure.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Chen, C. S. Maniotis, A. J. Ingber, D. E.
Description	Author Affiliation: Maniotis AJ ( Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.);
Abstract	We report here that living cells and nuclei are hard-wired such that a mechanical tug on cell surface receptors can immediately change the organization of molecular assemblies in the cytoplasm and nucleus. When integrins were pulled by micromanipulating bound microbeads or micropipettes, cytoskeletal filaments reoriented, nuclei distorted, and nucleoli redistributed along the axis of the applied tension field. These effects were specific for integrins, independent of cortical membrane distortion, and were mediated by direct linkages between the cytoskeleton and nucleus. Actin microfilaments mediated force transfer to the nucleus at low strain; however, tearing of the actin gel resulted with greater distortion. In contrast, intermediate filaments effectively mediated force transfer to the nucleus under both conditions. These filament systems also acted as molecular guy wires to mechanically stiffen the nucleus and anchor it in place, whereas microtubules acted to hold open the intermediate filament lattice and to stabilize the nucleus against lateral compression. Molecular connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nuclear scaffolds may therefore provide a discrete path for mechanical signal transfer through cells as well as a mechanism for producing integrated changes in cell and nuclear structure in response to changes in extracellular matrix adhesivity or mechanics.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	94
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1997-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cell Nucleus Metabolism Cytoskeleton Integrins Acrylamide Acrylamides Pharmacology Actins Animals Capillaries Cell Adhesion Cytochalasin D Drug Effects Endothelium, Vascular Cytology Fibronectins Microspheres Microtubules Nocodazole Oligopeptides Stress, Mechanical Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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